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Illegal activity in the UK halal (sheep) supply chain: Towards greater understanding

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  • McElwee, Gerard
  • Smith, Robert
  • Lever, John

Abstract

Food supply chain theory and practice assumes that the processes involved are legal and value adding. In this paper, using examples from the UK halal (sheep) meat supply chain, we outline a value extracting value chain through a mixed methods qualitative approach consisting of face-to-face-interviews and a documentary research strategy underpinned by Narrative Inquiry. Building on previous theoretical work on Illegal Rural Enterprise, we present a narrative of an individual rogue-farmer, and explore his involvement in the illegal halal (‘smokies’) trade over a fifteen-year period. The paper provides a compelling story that will enable investigators to better understand illegal enterprise from a supply chain perspective and more adequately address the concerns stated in the UK Fraud Act 2006. The paper will be useful to food standards agencies in that furthers our understanding of entrepreneurial practice and morality in the food industry. The results demonstrate that illegal rural enterprise is a multi-faceted concept that requires an understanding of business practices and processes alongside a multi-agency approach to enterprise orientated crime. Our approach suggests that supply chains can be ‘flipped’ in order to understand illegal processes in addition to conventional legal processes.

Suggested Citation

  • McElwee, Gerard & Smith, Robert & Lever, John, 2017. "Illegal activity in the UK halal (sheep) supply chain: Towards greater understanding," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 166-175.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfpoli:v:69:y:2017:i:c:p:166-175
    DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.04.006
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bailey, Alison P. & Garforth, Chris, 2014. "An industry viewpoint on the role of farm assurance in delivering food safety to the consumer: The case of the dairy sector of England and Wales," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 14-24.
    2. Gerard Mcelwee, 2006. "Farmers As Entrepreneurs: Developing Competitive Skills," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(03), pages 187-206.
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    4. Robert Smith, 2009. "Understanding entrepreneurial behaviour in organized criminals," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 3(3), pages 256-268, August.
    5. Petter Gottschalk & Robert Smith, 2011. "Criminal entrepreneurship, white-collar criminality, and neutralization theory," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 5(2), pages 300-308, September.
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    7. Manning, Louise & Smith, Robert & Soon, Jan Mei, 2016. "Developing an organizational typology of criminals in the meat supply chain," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 44-54.
    8. Petter Gottschalk & Robert Smith, 2011. "Criminal entrepreneurship, white‐collar criminality, and neutralization theory," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 5(4), pages 300-308, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hopkins, Kelsey A. & McKendree, Melissa G. S. & Ortega, David L., 2023. "Avoiding Fraudulent Meat: Muslim Consumer Preferences for Halal Meat Retailers," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335732, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    2. Schaefer, K. Aleks & Scheitrum, Daniel & Nes, Kjersti, 2018. "International sourcing decisions in the wake of a food scandal," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 48-57.

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