Smart city reporting: A bibliometric and structured literature review analysis to identify technological opportunities and challenges for sustainable development

While policies and academic interest in smart cities gain momentum, there remain significant gaps in practice and academic conceptualisations explaining it as a new source of innovation. Moreover, there is a need to synthesise reporting behaviours and tools thereof, supporting communication and transparency for citizens along with their involvement in innovation processes. An Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) country analysis highlights gaps in transparency, reporting and communication of results, and the consequent allocation of resources in smart cities. Thus, this study identifies literature streams embracing the notion of smart cities and reporting. It employs a bibliometric and structured literature review analysis. Accordingly, this study proposes a framework comprising four macro-areas, several micro-elements, and the most appropriate implementation of technologies for sustainability challenges. Notably, it contributes to strengthening the smart city as an unconventional source of innovation, providing policymakers an opportunity to account for the smart city's weaknesses and identify areas for significant improvement efforts to be channelled.