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An index-based measure of liquidity

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  • Chacko, George
  • Das, Sanjiv
  • Fan, Rong

Abstract

The liquidity shocks of ’08–’09 revealed that measures of liquidity risk being used in most financial institutions turned out to be woefully inadequate. The construction of long-short portfolios based on liquidity proxies introduces errors such as extraneous risk factors and hedging error. We develop a new measure for liquidity risk using exchange-traded funds (ETFs) that attempts to minimize this error. We form a theoretically-supported measure that is long ETFs and short the underlying components of that ETF, i.e., long and short a similar set of underlying securities with the same weights. Pricing discrepancies between the long and short positions are driven by liquidity differences between the ETF and its underlying components. Constructing liquidity risk factors in a number of markets, we undertake several tests to validate our new liquidity metric. The results show that our illiquidity measure is strongly related to other measures of illiquidity, explains bond index returns, and reveals a systematic illiquidity component across fixed-income markets.

Suggested Citation

  • Chacko, George & Das, Sanjiv & Fan, Rong, 2016. "An index-based measure of liquidity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 162-178.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:68:y:2016:i:c:p:162-178
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2016.03.012
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    3. Eduardo Bered Fernandes Vieira & Tiago Pascoal Filomena, 2020. "Liquidity Constraints for Portfolio Selection Based on Financial Volume," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 56(4), pages 1055-1077, December.
    4. Lee, Changju & Ku, Seungmo & Cho, Poongjin & Chang, Woojin, 2019. "Explaining future market return and evaluating market condition with common preferred spread index," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 921-934.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    ETFs; Liquidity; Immediacy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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