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Optimal stochastic reactive power scheduling in a microgrid considering voltage droop scheme of DGs and uncertainty of wind farms

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  • Khorramdel, Benyamin
  • Raoofat, Mahdi

Abstract

Distributed Generators (DGs) in a microgrid may operate in three different reactive power control strategies, including PV, PQ and voltage droop schemes. This paper proposes a new stochastic programming approach for reactive power scheduling of a microgrid, considering the uncertainty of wind farms. The proposed algorithm firstly finds the expected optimal operating point of each DG in V-Q plane while the wind speed is a probabilistic variable. A multi-objective function with goals of loss minimization, reactive power reserve maximization and voltage security margin maximization is optimized using a four-stage multi-objective nonlinear programming. Then, using Monte Carlo simulation enhanced by scenario reduction technique, the proposed algorithm simulates actual condition and finds optimal operating strategy of DGs. Also, if any DGs are scheduled to operate in voltage droop scheme, the optimum droop is determined. Also, in the second part of the research, to enhance the optimality of the results, PSO algorithm is used for the multi-objective optimization problem. Numerical examples on IEEE 34-bus test system including two wind turbines are studied. The results show the benefits of voltage droop scheme for mitigating the impacts of the uncertainty of wind. Also, the results show preference of PSO method in the proposed approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Khorramdel, Benyamin & Raoofat, Mahdi, 2012. "Optimal stochastic reactive power scheduling in a microgrid considering voltage droop scheme of DGs and uncertainty of wind farms," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 994-1006.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:45:y:2012:i:1:p:994-1006
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.055
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    5. Rabiee, Abdorreza & Khorramdel, Hossein & Aghaei, Jamshid, 2013. "A review of energy storage systems in microgrids with wind turbines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 316-326.
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    8. Ji, Bin & Yuan, Xiaohui & Chen, Zhihuan & Tian, Hao, 2014. "Improved gravitational search algorithm for unit commitment considering uncertainty of wind power," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 52-62.
    9. Cui, Jia & Yu, Renzhe & Zhao, Dongbo & Yang, Junyou & Ge, Weichun & Zhou, Xiaoming, 2019. "Intelligent load pattern modeling and denoising using improved variational mode decomposition for various calendar periods," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 480-491.
    10. Yin, Peng-Yeng & Wu, Tsai-Hung & Hsu, Ping-Yi, 2017. "Risk management of wind farm micro-siting using an enhanced genetic algorithm with simulation optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 508-521.
    11. Xiuyun Wang & Shaoxin Chen & Yibing Zhou & Jian Wang & Yang Cui, 2018. "Optimal Dispatch of Microgrid with Combined Heat and Power System Considering Environmental Cost," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-23, September.
    12. Bracco, Stefano & Delfino, Federico & Pampararo, Fabio & Robba, Michela & Rossi, Mansueto, 2014. "A mathematical model for the optimal operation of the University of Genoa Smart Polygeneration Microgrid: Evaluation of technical, economic and environmental performance indicators," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 912-922.
    13. Maen Z. Kreishan & Ahmed F. Zobaa, 2021. "Optimal Allocation and Operation of Droop-Controlled Islanded Microgrids: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-45, July.
    14. Zubo, Rana.H.A. & Mokryani, Geev & Rajamani, Haile-Selassie & Aghaei, Jamshid & Niknam, Taher & Pillai, Prashant, 2017. "Operation and planning of distribution networks with integration of renewable distributed generators considering uncertainties: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1177-1198.
    15. Zhang, Jingrui & Wu, Yihong & Guo, Yiran & Wang, Bo & Wang, Hengyue & Liu, Houde, 2016. "A hybrid harmony search algorithm with differential evolution for day-ahead scheduling problem of a microgrid with consideration of power flow constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 791-804.

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