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Interactions between lighting and space conditioning energy use in US commercial buildings

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  • Sezgen, Osman
  • Koomey, Jonathan G

Abstract

Reductions in lighting energy have secondary effects on cooling and heating energy consumption. In general, lighting energy reductions increase heating and decrease cooling requirements of a building. The net change in a building's annual energy requirements, however, is difficult to quantify and depends on the building characteristics, operating conditions, and climate. This paper characterizes the effects of lighting/HVAC interactions on the annual heating/cooling requirements of prototypical US commercial buildings through computer simulations using the DOE-2.1E building energy analysis program. Twelve building types of two vintages and five climates are chosen to represent the US commercial building stock. For each combination of building type, vintage, and climate, a prototypical building is simulated with varying lighting power densities, and the resultant changes in heating and cooling loads are recorded. These loads are used together with market information on the saturation of the different HVAC equipment in commercial buildings to determine the changes in energy use and expenditures for heating and cooling. Results are presented by building type for the US as a whole. Therefore, the data presented in this paper can be used to assess the secondary effects of lighting-related federal policies with widespread impacts, such as minimum efficiency standards. Generally, in warm climates the interactions will induce monetary savings and in cold climates the interactions will induce monetary penalties. For the commercial building stock in the US, a reduction in lighting energy that is well distributed geographically will induce neither significant savings nor significant penalties from associated changes in HVAC primary energy and energy expenditures.

Suggested Citation

  • Sezgen, Osman & Koomey, Jonathan G, 2000. "Interactions between lighting and space conditioning energy use in US commercial buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 25(8), pages 793-805.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:25:y:2000:i:8:p:793-805
    DOI: 10.1016/S0360-5442(99)00085-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jonathan G. Koomey & Alan H. Sanstad & Leslie J. Shown, 1996. "Energy‐Efficient Lighting: Market Data, Market Imperfections, And Policy Success," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 14(3), pages 98-111, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Boonekamp, Piet G.M., 2006. "Actual interaction effects between policy measures for energy efficiency—A qualitative matrix method and quantitative simulation results for households," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(14), pages 2848-2873.
    2. Dujuan Yang & Harry Timmermans & Aloys Borgers, 2016. "The prevalence of context-dependent adjustment of activity-travel patterns in energy conservation strategies: results from a mixture-amount stated adaptation experiment," Transportation, Springer, vol. 43(1), pages 79-100, January.
    3. Byung-Lip Ahn & Ji-Woo Park & Seunghwan Yoo & Jonghun Kim & Seung-Bok Leigh & Cheol-Yong Jang, 2015. "Savings in Cooling Energy with a Thermal Management System for LED Lighting in Office Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-14, June.
    4. Hanif, M. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Zare, A. & Saksahdan, T.J. & Metselaar, H.S.C., 2014. "Potential energy savings by radiative cooling system for a building in tropical climate," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 642-650.
    5. Shimoda, Yoshiyuki & Asahi, Takahiro & Taniguchi, Ayako & Mizuno, Minoru, 2007. "Evaluation of city-scale impact of residential energy conservation measures using the detailed end-use simulation model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1617-1633.
    6. Min, Jihoon & Azevedo, Inês Lima & Hakkarainen, Pekka, 2015. "Assessing regional differences in lighting heat replacement effects in residential buildings across the United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 12-18.
    7. Byung-Lip Ahn & Ji-Woo Park & Seunghwan Yoo & Jonghun Kim & Hakgeun Jeong & Seung-Bok Leigh & Cheol-Yong Jang, 2015. "Synergetic Effect between Lighting Efficiency Enhancement and Building Energy Reduction Using Alternative Thermal Operating System of Indoor LED Lighting," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-13, August.
    8. Sila Kiliccote & Daniel Olsen & Michael D. Sohn & Mary Ann Piette, 2016. "Characterization of demand response in the commercial, industrial, and residential sectors in the United States," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(3), pages 288-304, May.
    9. Liu, Pei & Pistikopoulos, Efstratios N. & Li, Zheng, 2010. "An energy systems engineering approach to the optimal design of energy systems in commercial buildings," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 4224-4231, August.
    10. Dujuan Yang & Harry Timmermans & Aloys Borgers, 2016. "The prevalence of context-dependent adjustment of activity-travel patterns in energy conservation strategies: results from a mixture-amount stated adaptation experiment," Transportation, Springer, vol. 43(1), pages 79-100, January.
    11. Ruparathna, Rajeev & Hewage, Kasun & Sadiq, Rehan, 2016. "Improving the energy efficiency of the existing building stock: A critical review of commercial and institutional buildings," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 1032-1045.

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