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A robust day-ahead scheduling strategy for EV charging stations in unbalanced distribution grid

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  • Kandpal, Bakul
  • Pareek, Parikshit
  • Verma, Ashu

Abstract

Uncontrolled electric vehicle (EV) charging is known to have an adverse impact on power networks. In particular, the inherent problem of phase load unbalance (PLU), due to uneven loading of phases can be substantially increased due to uncoordinated EV charging demands. Increased unbalance would cause sub-optimal operation of the distribution grid with higher thermal losses and increased network congestion. In this paper, a day-ahead EV scheduling strategy to mitigate unbalance is proposed, by controlling single-phase charging demand of EVs with vehicle to grid (V2G) power transfer. In addition, the EVs are also scheduled as per a price-based demand response program. The aim of this work is to use multi-objective lexicographic ordering to achieve economic benefit by controlling EV charging/discharging rates as per dynamic electricity prices, while simultaneously shift EV power consumption among phases to reduce unbalance. Further, uncertainty handling optimization techniques are presented to hedge against any randomness in prices and phase-wise loads. The proposed methods are simulated for a community charging station connected to the unbalanced grid. It is found that the active power consumption among phases can be balanced almost entirely using continuous charging/discharging rates from EVs. Moreover, up to 30% reduction in charging costs can be achieved while maintaining a balanced three-phase system.

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  • Kandpal, Bakul & Pareek, Parikshit & Verma, Ashu, 2022. "A robust day-ahead scheduling strategy for EV charging stations in unbalanced distribution grid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:249:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222006405
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123737
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    Cited by:

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    3. Ali Jawad Alrubaie & Mohamed Salem & Khalid Yahya & Mahmoud Mohamed & Mohamad Kamarol, 2023. "A Comprehensive Review of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations with Solar Photovoltaic System Considering Market, Technical Requirements, Network Implications, and Future Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-26, May.
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    6. Esmaeil Valipour & Ramin Nourollahi & Kamran Taghizad-Tavana & Sayyad Nojavan & As’ad Alizadeh, 2022. "Risk Assessment of Industrial Energy Hubs and Peer-to-Peer Heat and Power Transaction in the Presence of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-24, November.
    7. Min Wang & Huilin Wang & Fanglin Zuo & Jie Zou & Yuan Chen & Zixuan Yu, 2023. "A Consideration of the Single-Phase Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Joint Regulation of a Three-Phase Unbalanced Control Strategy in a Power Distribution System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-18, June.
    8. Simolin, Toni & Rauma, Kalle & Rautiainen, Antti & Järventausta, Pertti, 2022. "Increasing charging energy at highly congested commercial charging sites through charging control with load balancing functionality," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).

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