IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v168y2019icp637-650.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigation into spacing restriction and layout optimization of wind farm with multiple types of wind turbines

Author

Listed:
  • Sun, Haiying
  • Yang, Hongxing
  • Gao, Xiaoxia

Abstract

In this paper, a new Directional Restriction method is presented to restrict the spacing between wind turbines. Compared to existing restrictions, the new method additionally considers the influence of wind directions, and the restriction for each wind turbine is related to its rotor diameter. Therefore, the method is especially effective for the site with obvious prevailing wind directions. With the Directional Restriction, a wind farm optimization process applying the Multi-Population Genetic Algorithm has been presented. The optimization can exploit the wind resource more effectively and can be used to optimize the layout of nonuniform wind farm. Four representative cases are then studied and discussed: (a) aligned layout with uniform wind turbines; (b) optimized layout with uniform wind turbines; (c) optimized layout with nonuniform wind turbines and (d) a commercial nonuniform offshore wind farm. Through these cases, the utilization rate of a nonuniform wind farm with five types of wind turbines can increase to 99.21%, in which the minimum utilization rate of a single wind turbine is 94.27%. Especially, in the last case, a potential offshore wind farm in Sha Chau Island in Hong Kong is analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimization method is practical in designing wind farms. The coastal area in Hong Kong is the ideal region to develop offshore wind power.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Gao, Xiaoxia, 2019. "Investigation into spacing restriction and layout optimization of wind farm with multiple types of wind turbines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 637-650.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:168:y:2019:i:c:p:637-650
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.073
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218322849
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.073?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shakoor, Rabia & Hassan, Mohammad Yusri & Raheem, Abdur & Wu, Yuan-Kang, 2016. "Wake effect modeling: A review of wind farm layout optimization using Jensen׳s model," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1048-1059.
    2. Pookpunt, Sittichoke & Ongsakul, Weerakorn, 2013. "Optimal placement of wind turbines within wind farm using binary particle swarm optimization with time-varying acceleration coefficients," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 266-276.
    3. Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "Study on offshore wind power potential and wind farm optimization in Hong Kong," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 519-531.
    4. Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing & Lu, Lin, 2014. "Investigation into the optimal wind turbine layout patterns for a Hong Kong offshore wind farm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 430-442.
    5. Feng, Ju & Shen, Wen Zhong, 2017. "Design optimization of offshore wind farms with multiple types of wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1283-1297.
    6. Park, Jinkyoo & Law, Kincho H., 2015. "Layout optimization for maximizing wind farm power production using sequential convex programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 320-334.
    7. Chowdhury, Souma & Zhang, Jie & Messac, Achille & Castillo, Luciano, 2013. "Optimizing the arrangement and the selection of turbines for wind farms subject to varying wind conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 273-282.
    8. Grady, S.A. & Hussaini, M.Y. & Abdullah, M.M., 2005. "Placement of wind turbines using genetic algorithms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 259-270.
    9. Parada, Leandro & Herrera, Carlos & Flores, Paulo & Parada, Victor, 2017. "Wind farm layout optimization using a Gaussian-based wake model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 531-541.
    10. Mittal, Prateek & Kulkarni, Kedar & Mitra, Kishalay, 2016. "A novel hybrid optimization methodology to optimize the total number and placement of wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 133-147.
    11. Song, Zhe & Zhang, Zijun & Chen, Xingying, 2016. "The decision model of 3-dimensional wind farm layout design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 248-258.
    12. Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing, 2018. "Study on an innovative three-dimensional wind turbine wake model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 483-493.
    13. Perveen, Rehana & Kishor, Nand & Mohanty, Soumya R., 2014. "Off-shore wind farm development: Present status and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 780-792.
    14. Chen, K. & Song, M.X. & Zhang, X. & Wang, S.F., 2016. "Wind turbine layout optimization with multiple hub height wind turbines using greedy algorithm," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 676-686.
    15. Kusiak, Andrew & Zheng, Haiyang, 2010. "Optimization of wind turbine energy and power factor with an evolutionary computation algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1324-1332.
    16. Pérez, Beatriz & Mínguez, Roberto & Guanche, Raúl, 2013. "Offshore wind farm layout optimization using mathematical programming techniques," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 389-399.
    17. Hou, Peng & Enevoldsen, Peter & Hu, Weihao & Chen, Cong & Chen, Zhe, 2017. "Offshore wind farm repowering optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C), pages 834-844.
    18. Chowdhury, Souma & Zhang, Jie & Messac, Achille & Castillo, Luciano, 2012. "Unrestricted wind farm layout optimization (UWFLO): Investigating key factors influencing the maximum power generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 16-30.
    19. Ilinca, Adrian & McCarthy, Ed & Chaumel, Jean-Louis & Rétiveau, Jean-Louis, 2003. "Wind potential assessment of Quebec Province," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 28(12), pages 1881-1897.
    20. Vasel-Be-Hagh, Ahmadreza & Archer, Cristina L., 2017. "Wind farm hub height optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 905-921.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Win Naung, Shine & Nakhchi, Mahdi Erfanian & Rahmati, Mohammad, 2021. "High-fidelity CFD simulations of two wind turbines in arrays using nonlinear frequency domain solution method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 984-1005.
    2. Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing, 2023. "Wind farm layout and hub height optimization with a novel wake model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    3. Houssem R. E. H. Bouchekara & Yusuf A. Sha’aban & Mohammad S. Shahriar & Makbul A. M. Ramli & Abdullahi A. Mas’ud, 2023. "Wind Farm Layout Optimization/Expansion with Real Wind Turbines Using a Multi-Objective EA Based on an Enhanced Inverted Generational Distance Metric Combined with the Two-Archive Algorithm 2," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-32, January.
    4. Jiang, Wei & Kan, Jingyu & Dong, Baocan & Li, Xingxun & Wang, Xiaohui & Deng, Chun & Liu, Bei & Li, Qingping & Sun, Changyu & Chen, Guangjin, 2023. "Natural gas hydrate exploitation and recovered natural gas liquefaction driven by wind power: Process modelling and energy performance evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    5. Sun, Haiying & Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing, 2020. "Experimental study on wind speeds in a complex-terrain wind farm and analysis of wake effects," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    6. Tao, Siyu & Xu, Qingshan & Feijóo, Andrés & Zheng, Gang & Zhou, Jiemin, 2020. "Nonuniform wind farm layout optimization: A state-of-the-art review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    7. Froese, Gabrielle & Ku, Shan Yu & Kheirabadi, Ali C. & Nagamune, Ryozo, 2022. "Optimal layout design of floating offshore wind farms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 94-102.
    8. Dou, Bingzheng & Qu, Timing & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2020. "Optimization of wind turbine yaw angles in a wind farm using a three-dimensional yawed wake model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    9. Kevin A. Adkins & Adrian Sescu, 2022. "Wind Farms and Humidity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, April.
    10. Javier Serrano González & Manuel Burgos Payán & Jesús Manuel Riquelme Santos & Ángel Gaspar González Rodríguez, 2021. "Optimal Micro-Siting of Weathervaning Floating Wind Turbines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    11. Sun, Haiying & Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing, 2019. "Validations of three-dimensional wake models with the wind field measurements in complex terrain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    12. Sun, Haiying & Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing, 2020. "A review of full-scale wind-field measurements of the wind-turbine wake effect and a measurement of the wake-interaction effect," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    13. Ting Wang & Qiya Wang & Caiqing Zhang, 2021. "Research on the Optimal Operation of a Novel Renewable Multi-Energy Complementary System in Rural Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-16, February.
    14. He, Ruiyang & Sun, Haiying & Gao, Xiaoxia & Yang, Hongxing, 2022. "Wind tunnel tests for wind turbines: A state-of-the-art review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    15. Han, Shuang & Qiao, Yanhui & Yan, Ping & Yan, Jie & Liu, Yongqian & Li, Li, 2020. "Wind turbine power curve modeling based on interval extreme probability density for the integration of renewable energies and electric vehicles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 190-203.
    16. Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Gao, Xiaoxia, 2023. "Investigation into wind turbine wake effect on complex terrain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    17. Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing, 2020. "Numerical investigation of the average wind speed of a single wind turbine and development of a novel three-dimensional multiple wind turbine wake model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 192-203.
    18. Wu, Chutian & Yang, Xiaolei & Zhu, Yaxin, 2021. "On the design of potential turbine positions for physics-informed optimization of wind farm layout," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 1108-1120.
    19. Sun, Haiying & Qiu, Changyu & Lu, Lin & Gao, Xiaoxia & Chen, Jian & Yang, Hongxing, 2020. "Wind turbine power modelling and optimization using artificial neural network with wind field experimental data," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yang, Kyoungboo & Kwak, Gyeongil & Cho, Kyungho & Huh, Jongchul, 2019. "Wind farm layout optimization for wake effect uniformity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 983-995.
    2. Azlan, F. & Kurnia, J.C. & Tan, B.T. & Ismadi, M.-Z., 2021. "Review on optimisation methods of wind farm array under three classical wind condition problems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    3. Tao, Siyu & Xu, Qingshan & Feijóo, Andrés & Zheng, Gang & Zhou, Jiemin, 2020. "Nonuniform wind farm layout optimization: A state-of-the-art review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    4. Kyoungboo Yang & Kyungho Cho, 2019. "Simulated Annealing Algorithm for Wind Farm Layout Optimization: A Benchmark Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-15, November.
    5. Feng, Ju & Shen, Wen Zhong, 2017. "Design optimization of offshore wind farms with multiple types of wind turbines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 1283-1297.
    6. Tao, Siyu & Xu, Qingshan & Feijóo, Andrés & Zheng, Gang & Zhou, Jiemin, 2020. "Wind farm layout optimization with a three-dimensional Gaussian wake model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 553-569.
    7. Ju, Xinglong & Liu, Feng, 2019. "Wind farm layout optimization using self-informed genetic algorithm with information guided exploitation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C), pages 429-445.
    8. Brogna, Roberto & Feng, Ju & Sørensen, Jens Nørkær & Shen, Wen Zhong & Porté-Agel, Fernando, 2020. "A new wake model and comparison of eight algorithms for layout optimization of wind farms in complex terrain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    9. Serrano González, Javier & Burgos Payán, Manuel & Riquelme Santos, Jesús Manuel, 2018. "Optimal design of neighbouring offshore wind farms: A co-evolutionary approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C), pages 140-152.
    10. Guirguis, David & Romero, David A. & Amon, Cristina H., 2017. "Gradient-based multidisciplinary design of wind farms with continuous-variable formulations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 279-291.
    11. Hou, Peng & Hu, Weihao & Soltani, Mohsen & Chen, Cong & Chen, Zhe, 2017. "Combined optimization for offshore wind turbine micro siting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 271-282.
    12. Guirguis, David & Romero, David A. & Amon, Cristina H., 2016. "Toward efficient optimization of wind farm layouts: Utilizing exact gradient information," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 110-123.
    13. Ulku, I. & Alabas-Uslu, C., 2019. "A new mathematical programming approach to wind farm layout problem under multiple wake effects," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1190-1201.
    14. Pollini, Nicolò, 2022. "Topology optimization of wind farm layouts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 1015-1027.
    15. Hou, Peng & Hu, Weihao & Chen, Cong & Soltani, Mohsen & Chen, Zhe, 2016. "Optimization of offshore wind farm layout in restricted zones," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 487-496.
    16. Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi & Fernando Porté-Agel, 2018. "Realistic Wind Farm Layout Optimization through Genetic Algorithms Using a Gaussian Wake Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-26, November.
    17. Parada, Leandro & Herrera, Carlos & Flores, Paulo & Parada, Victor, 2018. "Assessing the energy benefit of using a wind turbine micro-siting model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 591-601.
    18. Antonini, Enrico G.A. & Romero, David A. & Amon, Cristina H., 2018. "Continuous adjoint formulation for wind farm layout optimization: A 2D implementation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2333-2345.
    19. Song, Mengxuan & Chen, Kai & Wang, Jun, 2020. "A two-level approach for three-dimensional micro-siting optimization of large-scale wind farms," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    20. Dhoot, Aditya & Antonini, Enrico G.A. & Romero, David A. & Amon, Cristina H., 2021. "Optimizing wind farms layouts for maximum energy production using probabilistic inference: Benchmarking reveals superior computational efficiency and scalability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:168:y:2019:i:c:p:637-650. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.