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Thermoeconomic and environmental analyses of a dry process cement manufacturing in Nigeria

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  • Oni, A.O.
  • Fadare, D.A.
  • Adeboye, L.A.

Abstract

In this study, the thermoeconomic and environmental assessment was performed to identify key energy efficient opportunities and technical improvement potentials of the production of dry cement in Nigeria. The process was divided into ten basic unit operations, which are: drilling, explosive charging, mucking and hauling, crushing, raw material preparation, pre-heating, pyro-processing, additive preparation, finish grinding and packaging. The analyses revealed that to produce a tonne of cement requires 3.12 GJ of energy at a cost of ₦4875.41 ($25.66), and about 0.59 tonnes of CO2 is released to the environment. The most energy intensive unit operation is the pyro-processing operation, followed by the pre-heating operation with energy intensities of 2.22 and 0.60 GJ/tonne, respectively. However, the economic impact of the explosive charging unit, which seems to be less significant from the energy view point, is relatively high. To make the overall plant more energy and economic efficient, it was suggested that plant modification should consider the pyro-processing and pre-heating units together with the optimization of explosive charging unit, and the use of efficient prime movers for pumps and cooling fans. Furthermore, for maximum energy utilisation, uniform material flow in the pyro-processing and pre-heating unit is essential.

Suggested Citation

  • Oni, A.O. & Fadare, D.A. & Adeboye, L.A., 2017. "Thermoeconomic and environmental analyses of a dry process cement manufacturing in Nigeria," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 128-137.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:135:y:2017:i:c:p:128-137
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.06.114
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tsatsaronis, George & Morosuk, Tatiana & Koch, Daniela & Sorgenfrei, Max, 2013. "Understanding the thermodynamic inefficiencies in combustion processes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 3-11.
    2. Karellas, S. & Leontaritis, A.-D. & Panousis, G. & Bellos, E. & Kakaras, E., 2013. "Energetic and exergetic analysis of waste heat recovery systems in the cement industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 147-156.
    3. Rivero, Ricardo & Rendón, Consuelo & Gallegos, Salvador, 2004. "Exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a crude oil combined distillation unit," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 29(12), pages 1909-1927.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran & Rafiu Olasunkanmi Yusuf & Adeniyi Saheed Aremu & Temitope Mariam Aareola, 2019. "Exergetic analysis and pollutants emission from a rotary kiln system in a major cement manufacturing plant," Energy & Environment, , vol. 30(4), pages 601-616, June.
    2. Singh, Gurjeet & Singh, P.J. & Tyagi, V.V. & Barnwal, P. & Pandey, A.K., 2019. "Exergy and thermo-economic analysis of ghee production plant in dairy industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 602-618.

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