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Analysis of electrical mismatches in high-concentrator photovoltaic power plants with distributed inverter configurations

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  • Rodrigo, P.
  • Velázquez, Ramiro
  • Fernández, Eduardo F.
  • Almonacid, F.
  • Pérez-Higueras, P.J.

Abstract

Electrical mismatches have a larger impact in high-concentrator photovoltaic power plants than in conventional photovoltaic systems because of the narrow acceptance angles and the unavoidable self-shading between sun trackers. In this paper, a commercial point-focus Fresnel lens-based high-concentrator photovoltaic module is characterized outdoors and results of this characterization are used to develop a power plant model which allows electrical mismatch energy losses to be investigated. Different inverter configurations (micro, string and tracker-oriented inverters) are analyzed with it. This research offers an approach based on energy loss calculation rather than instantaneous power loss calculation as was done in the reviewed literature. Moreover, realistic 28.5 kWp trackers are analyzed rather than small trackers and a novel procedure for obtaining direct normal irradiance daily profiles is presented. From the simulations, it is concluded that micro and string inverters are very useful to minimize mismatch energy losses, reinforcing the conclusions previously published by Kim and Winston (2014). The coefficients obtained in this paper are expected to help in energy yield calculations without the need of using advanced electrical modeling, although it was found that the bigger the capacity of the inverters, the higher the uncertainty to establish electrical mismatch loss coefficients due to shading.

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigo, P. & Velázquez, Ramiro & Fernández, Eduardo F. & Almonacid, F. & Pérez-Higueras, P.J., 2016. "Analysis of electrical mismatches in high-concentrator photovoltaic power plants with distributed inverter configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 374-387.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:107:y:2016:i:c:p:374-387
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.039
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fernández, Eduardo F. & Almonacid, Florencia, 2014. "Spectrally corrected direct normal irradiance based on artificial neural networks for high concentrator photovoltaic applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 941-949.
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    3. Rodrigo, P. & Fernández, E.F. & Almonacid, F. & Pérez-Higueras, P.J., 2014. "Review of methods for the calculation of cell temperature in high concentration photovoltaic modules for electrical characterization," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 478-488.
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    6. Talavera, D.L. & Pérez-Higueras, P. & Ruíz-Arias, J.A. & Fernández, E.F., 2015. "Levelised cost of electricity in high concentrated photovoltaic grid connected systems: Spatial analysis of Spain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 49-59.
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    10. Rodrigo, P. & Gutiérrez, S. & Velázquez, Ramiro & Fernández, Eduardo F. & Almonacid, F. & Pérez-Higueras, P.J., 2015. "A methodology for the electrical characterization of shaded high concentrator photovoltaic modules," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 768-777.
    11. Rodrigo, P. & Fernández, Eduardo F. & Almonacid, F. & Pérez-Higueras, P.J., 2013. "Outdoor measurement of high concentration photovoltaic receivers operating with partial shading on the primary optics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 583-588.
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    1. Satué, Manuel G. & Castaño, Fernando & Ortega, Manuel G. & Rubio, Francisco R., 2020. "Power feedback strategy based on efficiency trajectory analysis for HCPV sun tracking," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 65-76.
    2. Rodrigo, P.M. & Talavera, D.L. & Fernández, E.F. & Almonacid, F.M. & Pérez-Higueras, P.J., 2019. "Optimum capacity of the inverters in concentrator photovoltaic power plants with emphasis on shading impact," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    3. Moreno, A. & Chemisana, D. & Fernández, E.F., 2021. "Hybrid high-concentration photovoltaic-thermal solar systems for building applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    4. Rodrigo, P.M., 2020. "Balancing the shading impact in utility-scale dual-axis tracking concentrator photovoltaic power plants," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    5. Saura, José M. & Chemisana, Daniel & Rodrigo, Pedro M. & Almonacid, Florencia M. & Fernández, Eduardo F., 2022. "Effect of non-uniformity on concentrator multi-junction solar cells equipped with refractive secondary optics under shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).

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