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Analytical and managerial implications of integrating product substitutability in the joint pricing and procurement problem

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  • Karakul, M.
  • Chan, L.M.A.

Abstract

This paper studies the analytical and managerial implications of product substitutability on the joint pricing and procurement decisions. We consider a single-period model with two products: an existing product and an improved new product that can substitute the demand for the existing product in case of a shortage. Demand for each product follows a general distribution with an expected value that is a linear function of the price of the new product. While the price of the existing product is determined by the market, it is necessary to determine the new product's price and the procurement quantities of both products so as to maximize the profits. We analytically show that the expected profit function is unimodal and in the existence of substitution: the expected total profit is higher; the optimal price and the safety stock of the new product are higher; and the optimal safety stock of the existing product is less. Using these properties an efficient algorithm is developed. We also provide a numerical analysis to demonstrate that considering substitution in advance could increase the profitability by 58% and the new product price by 5% while decreasing the total procurement quantity by 15%.

Suggested Citation

  • Karakul, M. & Chan, L.M.A., 2008. "Analytical and managerial implications of integrating product substitutability in the joint pricing and procurement problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 190(1), pages 179-204, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:190:y:2008:i:1:p:179-204
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    2. Ata Allah Taleizadeh & Masoumeh Sadat Babaei & Shib Sankar Sana & Biswajit Sarkar, 2019. "Pricing Decision within an Inventory Model for Complementary and Substitutable Products," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-22, June.
    3. Karakul, M. & Chan, L.M.A., 2010. "Joint pricing and procurement of substitutable products with random demands - A technical note," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 201(1), pages 324-328, February.
    4. Zhang, Ren-qian & Kaku, Ikou & Xiao, Yi-yong, 2011. "Deterministic EOQ with partial backordering and correlated demand caused by cross-selling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 210(3), pages 537-551, May.
    5. He, Yuanjie, 2013. "Sequential price and quantity decisions under supply and demand risks," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 541-551.
    6. Transchel, Sandra, 2017. "Inventory management under price-based and stockout-based substitution," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 262(3), pages 996-1008.
    7. Ma, N., 2014. "Optimal scope of supply chain network & operations design," Other publications TiSEM e6187708-b664-44bf-aef8-f, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    8. Zhang, Juliang & Deng, Lan & Liu, Huimin & Cheng, T.C.E., 2022. "Which strategy is better for managing multi-product demand uncertainty: Inventory substitution or probabilistic selling?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(1), pages 79-95.
    9. Zhao, Jing & Wei, Jie & Li, Yongjian, 2014. "Pricing decisions for substitutable products in a two-echelon supply chain with firms׳ different channel powers," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 243-252.
    10. Shin, Hojung & Park, Soohoon & Lee, Euncheol & Benton, W.C., 2015. "A classification of the literature on the planning of substitutable products," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 246(3), pages 686-699.
    11. Kim, Sang-Won & Bell, Peter C., 2011. "Optimal pricing and production decisions in the presence of symmetrical and asymmetrical substitution," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 528-538, October.
    12. Zhang, Mingyang & Zhang, Juliang & Cheng, T.C.E. & Hua, Guowei, 2018. "Why and how do branders sell new products on flash sale platforms?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 270(1), pages 337-351.
    13. Sun, Zhongmiao & Xu, Qi & Liu, Jinrong, 2021. "Pricing and replenishment decisions for seasonal and nonseasonal products in a shared supply chain," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 233(C).

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