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Is Adaptive Co-management Delivering? Examining Relationships Between Collaboration, Learning and Outcomes in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves

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  • Plummer, Ryan
  • Baird, Julia
  • Dzyundzyak, Angela
  • Armitage, Derek
  • Bodin, Örjan
  • Schultz, Lisen

Abstract

This paper examines relationships among perceived processes and outcomes in four UNESCO biosphere reserves (BRs). BRs offer a unique opportunity to examine these relationships because they aim to foster more adaptive and collaborative forms of management, i.e. adaptive co-management (ACM). Accounting for the outcomes of ACM is a difficult task and little progress has been made to this end. However, we show here that ACM efforts in all four BRs had a myriad of positive results as well as ecological and livelihood effects. Process variables of collaboration and learning explained over half (54.6%) of the variability in results and over one third (35.1%) of the variability in effects. While the overall models for outcomes and subsequent process were not significant, the regressions revealed predictive potential for both process variables. Our analysis highlights that a better process is associated with more positive outcomes and that collaboration and learning make unique contributions to outcomes. Opportunities for quantitative techniques to be utilized in understanding the dynamics of ACM are illustrated. Understanding relationships between process and outcomes (and vice versa) provides a sound basis to answer critiques, enhances accountability, and maximizes the potential of positive impacts for ecosystems and humans.

Suggested Citation

  • Plummer, Ryan & Baird, Julia & Dzyundzyak, Angela & Armitage, Derek & Bodin, Örjan & Schultz, Lisen, 2017. "Is Adaptive Co-management Delivering? Examining Relationships Between Collaboration, Learning and Outcomes in UNESCO Biosphere Reserves," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 79-88.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:140:y:2017:i:c:p:79-88
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.04.028
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Ana Filipa Ferreira & Heike Zimmermann & Rui Santos & Henrik von Wehrden, 2020. "Biosphere Reserves’ Management Effectiveness—A Systematic Literature Review and a Research Agenda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-32, July.
    2. Francisca Mutwa Kilonzi & Takahiro Ota, 2023. "Application of the 4Rs framework towards effective co-management of protected forests: case of aberdare forest in central Kenya," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 8561-8584, August.
    3. Kovács, Eszter & Mile, Orsolya & Fabók, Veronika & Margóczi, Katalin & Kalóczkai, Ágnes & Kasza, Veronika & Nagyné Grecs, Anita & Bankovics, András & Mihók, Barbara, 2021. "Fostering adaptive co-management with stakeholder participation in the surroundings of soda pans in Kiskunság, Hungary – An assessment," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    4. Grima, Nelson & Singh, Simron J., 2019. "How the end of armed conflicts influence forest cover and subsequently ecosystem services provision? An analysis of four case studies in biodiversity hotspots," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 267-275.
    5. Ullah, Ayat & Zeb, Alam & Saqib, Shahab E. & Kächele, Harald, 2022. "Landscape co-management and livelihood sustainability: Lessons learned from the billion trees afforestation project in Pakistan," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
    6. Kofi Akamani, 2020. "Integrating Deep Ecology and Adaptive Governance for Sustainable Development: Implications for Protected Areas Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-21, July.
    7. Weston M. Eaton & Kathryn J. Brasier & Mark E. Burbach & Stephanie Kennedy & Jodi L. Delozier & Sara Esther Bonilla Anariba & Hannah T. Whitley & Walt Whitmer & Nicole Santangelo, 2023. "A new approach for studying social, behavioral, and environmental change through stakeholder engagement in water resource management," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 13(3), pages 389-403, September.
    8. Viola Hakkarainen & Katri Mäkinen‐Rostedt & Andra Horcea‐Milcu & Dalia D'Amato & Johanna Jämsä & Katriina Soini, 2022. "Transdisciplinary research in natural resources management: Towards an integrative and transformative use of co‐concepts," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(2), pages 309-325, April.

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