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The long-term effects of perceived parental control and warmth on self-esteem and depressive symptoms among Asian American youth

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  • Park, So-Young
  • Lee, Jungup
  • Cheah, Charissa S.L.

Abstract

This study examined gender differences in the complex associations among parental control and warmth, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms, and the mediating effects of self-esteem and depressive symptoms in these associations among Asian American youth from adolescence to emerging adulthood. We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and focused on a subsample of Asian American youth (N = 1,363). Multigroup structural equation modeling was employed for the data analyses. Significant gender differences were found in the means of parental warmth, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms across time. There were significant mediating effects of early self-esteem and depressive symptoms on the associations between parental control and warmth and later self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Additionally, the path from self-esteem to depressive symptoms in adolescence differed between males and females. The study findings imply the importance of culturally appropriate parenting education programs that enhance self-esteem and mental health for both male and female youth in ethnically diverse communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Park, So-Young & Lee, Jungup & Cheah, Charissa S.L., 2021. "The long-term effects of perceived parental control and warmth on self-esteem and depressive symptoms among Asian American youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:126:y:2021:i:c:s0190740921000785
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105999
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shervin Assari & Jocelyn R. Smith & Cleopatra Howard Caldwell & Marc A. Zimmerman, 2015. "Gender Differences in Longitudinal Links between Neighborhood Fear, Parental Support, and Depression among African American Emerging Adults," Societies, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Mary Tien Wei Leung Ling & Hui Fang Chen & Kace Chun Ning Chiu, 2020. "Parental Warmth and Involvement and the Self-Esteem of Young People in Hong Kong," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(3), pages 801-817, June.
    3. Monica Das Gupta & Jiang Zhenghua & Li Bohua & Xie Zhenming & Woojin Chung & Bae Hwa-Ok, 2003. "Why is Son preference so persistent in East and South Asia? a cross-country study of China, India and the Republic of Korea," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(2), pages 153-187.
    4. Abe-Kim, J. & Takeuchi, D.T. & Hong, S. & Zane, N. & Sue, S. & Spencer, M.S. & Appel, H. & Nicdao, E. & Alegría, M., 2007. "Use of mental health-related services among immigrant and US-born Asian Americans: Results from the National Latino and Asian American Study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(1), pages 91-98.
    5. Chang, Ching-Wen & Yuan, Rui & Chen, Ji-Kang, 2018. "Social support and depression among Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of self-esteem and self-efficacy," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 128-134.
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    1. Yang, Jiaping & Wu, Qiulian & Zhou, Jianhua & Huebner, E. Scott & Tian, Lili, 2022. "Transactional processes among perceived parental warmth, positivity, and depressive symptoms from middle childhood to early adolescence: Disentangling between- and within-person associations," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).

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