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Children and COVID19: Understanding impact on the growth trajectory of an evolving generation

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  • Haleemunnissa, S.
  • Didel, Siyaram
  • Swami, Mukesh Kumar
  • Singh, Kuldeep
  • Vyas, Varuna

Abstract

The COVID19 pandemic has forced the world to be closed in a shell. It has affected large population worldwide, but studies regarding its effect on children very limited. The majority of the children, who may not be able to grasp the entire emergency, are at a bigger risk with other problems lurking behind the attack of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The risk of infection in children was 1.3%, 1.5%, and 1.7% of total confirmed COVID-19 cases in China, Italy and United States respectively which is less compared to 2003 epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), when 5–7% of the positive cases were children, with no deaths reported while another recent multinational multicentric study from Europe which included 582 PCR (polymerase chain reaction) confirmed children of 0–18 year of age, provide deeper and generalize incite about clinical effects of COVID19 infection in children. According to this study 25% children have some pre-existing illness and 8% required ICU (intensive care unit) admission with 0.69% case fatality among all infected children. Common risk factor for serious illness as per this study are younger age, male sex and pre-existing underlying chronic medical condition. However, we need to be more concerned about possible implications of indirect and parallel psychosocial and mental health damage due to closure of schools, being in confinement and lack of peer interaction due to COVID19 related lockdown and other containment measures. The effects can range from mood swings, depression, anxiety symptoms to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, while no meaningful impact on COVID19 related mortality reduction is evident with school closure measures. The objective of this paper is to look at both the positive & negative effects in children due to COVID19 related indirect effects following lockdown and other containment measures. There is a need to gear up in advance with psychological strategies to deal with it post the pandemic by involving all stakeholders (parents, teachers, paediatricians, psychologists, psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers, counsellors), proposing an integrated approach to help the children to overcome the pandemic aftermath.

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  • Haleemunnissa, S. & Didel, Siyaram & Swami, Mukesh Kumar & Singh, Kuldeep & Vyas, Varuna, 2021. "Children and COVID19: Understanding impact on the growth trajectory of an evolving generation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:120:y:2021:i:c:s0190740920321769
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105754
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    2. Liu, Zhaoyi & Tu, Yongqian, 2023. "Nexus among financial innovation, natural resources and economic recovery: A fresh empirical insight from China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    3. Sabine Zinn & Michael Bayer, 2021. "Time Spent on School-Related Activities at Home during the Pandemic: A Longitudinal Analysis of Social Group Inequality among Secondary School Students," SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research 1132, DIW Berlin, The German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP).
    4. Wang, Jiacheng & Yang, Jianchao & Yang, Li, 2023. "Do natural resources play a role in economic development? Role of institutional quality, trade openness, and FDI," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    5. Zinn, Sabine & Bayer, Michael, 2021. "Time Spent on School-Related Activities at Home During the Pandemic: A Longitudinal Analysis of Social Group Inequality Among Secondary School Students," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 12.
    6. Cortés-Albornoz, María C. & Ramírez-Guerrero, Sofía & García-Guáqueta, Danna P. & Vélez-Van-Meerbeke, Alberto & Talero-Gutiérrez, Claudia, 2023. "Effects of remote learning during COVID-19 lockdown on children’s learning abilities and school performance: A systematic review," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    7. Puxin Liu, 2023. "An assessment of financial mechanisms for green financial recovery and climate change mitigation: the case of China," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 1567-1584, June.

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