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Why is it so hard to finance budget deficits? Problems of a developing country

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  • Feltenstein, Andrew
  • Iwata, Shigeru

Abstract

This paper examines possible ways for a developing country to finance budget deficits from domestic resources. It does so by analyzing Pakistan's National Savings Scheme (NSS). The NSS has a number of unusual attributes, and its impact upon the economy of Pakistan is not clear, but given Pakistan's chronic fiscal difficulties, the NSS is of great importance in financing the public sector deficit. We use an econometric model to analyze the relationship between the demands for NSS deposits and various other financial instruments, in particular, bank deposits, and foreign-currency deposits. We conclude that NSS and bank deposits are net substitutes, as are NSS and foreign-currency deposits. Bank deposits and foreign-currency deposits, however, seem to be neither substitutes nor complements. Also, the estimated income elasticity of the demand for bank deposits is negative, while that of foreign-currency deposits is positive, and that of NSS is not significantly different from zero. Finally, there is evidence that foreign-currency deposits are a net substitute for NSS deposits. Thus, there is some empirical evidence that foreign currency deposits have absorbed part of the demand for NSS deposits. Accordingly, the availability of foreign-currency deposits may have reduced the ability of the government to finance itself.
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  • Feltenstein, Andrew & Iwata, Shigeru, 2002. "Why is it so hard to finance budget deficits? Problems of a developing country," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(4), pages 531-544.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:asieco:v:13:y:2002:i:4:p:531-544
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    Cited by:

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    2. Raghbendra Jha, 2004. "Macroeconomic stabilization and pro-poor budgetary policy in the globalized economy," CAMA Working Papers 2004-08, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    3. Muhammad Aslam & Wajid Alim & Naeem Khan, 2022. "Nexus between Capital Flows and Economic Growth: An Evidence from South Asian Countries," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 4(2), pages 14-21.
    4. Govinda Bahadur Thapa Ph. D., 2005. "Deficit Financing: Implications and Management," NRB Economic Review, Nepal Rastra Bank, Research Department, vol. 17, pages 16-26, April.
    5. Kashif Ali & Mahmood Khalid, 2019. "Sources to Finance Fiscal Deficit and Their Impact on Inflation: A Case Study of Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 58(1), pages 27-43.
    6. Adams, Samuel & Klobodu, Edem Kwame Mensah, 2016. "Remittances, regime durability and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-8.

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