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Design and functionality of a segmented heat-storage prototype utilizing stable supercooling of sodium acetate trihydrate in a solar heating system

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  • Englmair, Gerald
  • Moser, Christoph
  • Furbo, Simon
  • Dannemand, Mark
  • Fan, Jianhua

Abstract

A solar heating system with 22.4 m2 of solar collectors, a heat storage prototype consisting of four 200 kg phase-change material (PCM) storage units, and a 735 L water tank was designed to improve solar heat supply in single-family houses. The PCM storage utilized stable supercooling of sodium acetate trihydrate composites to conserve the latent heat of fusion for long-term heat storage. A control strategy directed heat from a solar collector array to either the PCM storage or a water buffer storage. Several PCM units had to be charged in parallel when the solar collector output peaked at 16 kW. A single unit was charged with 27.4 kWh of heat within four hours on a sunny day, and the PCM temperature increased from 20 °C to 80 °C. The sensible heat from a single PCM unit was transferred to the water tank starting with about 32 kW of thermal power after it had fully melted at 80 °C. A mechanical seed crystal injection device was used to initialize the crystallisation of the sodium acetate trihydrate after it had supercooled to room temperature. The unit discharge during solidification peaked at 8 kW. Reliable supercooling was achieved in three of the four units. About 80% of latent heat of fusion was transferred from PCM units after solidification of supercooled sodium acetate trihydrate to the water tank within 5 h. Functionality tests with practical operation conditions on the novel, modular heat-storage configuration showed its applicability for domestic hot water supply and space heating.

Suggested Citation

  • Englmair, Gerald & Moser, Christoph & Furbo, Simon & Dannemand, Mark & Fan, Jianhua, 2018. "Design and functionality of a segmented heat-storage prototype utilizing stable supercooling of sodium acetate trihydrate in a solar heating system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 221(C), pages 522-534.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:221:y:2018:i:c:p:522-534
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.03.124
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    6. Yang, Haibin & Bao, Xiaohua & Cui, Hongzhi & Lo, Tommy Y. & Chen, Xiangsheng, 2022. "Optimization of supercooling, thermal conductivity, photothermal conversion, and phase change temperature of sodium acetate trihydrate for thermal energy storage applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    7. Fumey, B. & Weber, R. & Baldini, L., 2019. "Sorption based long-term thermal energy storage – Process classification and analysis of performance limitations: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 57-74.
    8. Daniel Chocontá Bernal & Edmundo Muñoz & Giovanni Manente & Adriano Sciacovelli & Hossein Ameli & Alejandro Gallego-Schmid, 2021. "Environmental Assessment of Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Technology System with Phase Change Material for Domestic Heating Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-17, October.
    9. Kutlu, Cagri & Su, Yuehong & Lyu, Qinghua & Riffat, Saffa, 2023. "Thermal management of using crystallization-controllable supercooled PCM in space heating applications for different heating profiles in the UK," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 848-857.

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