IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v177y2016icp783-792.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Computational fluid dynamic and thermal analysis of Lithium-ion battery pack with air cooling

Author

Listed:
  • Saw, Lip Huat
  • Ye, Yonghuang
  • Tay, Andrew A.O.
  • Chong, Wen Tong
  • Kuan, Seng How
  • Yew, Ming Chian

Abstract

A battery pack is produced by connecting the cells in series and/or in parallel to provide the necessary power for electric vehicles (EVs). Those parameters affecting cost and reliability of the EVs, including cycle life, capacity, durability and warranty are highly dependent on the thermal management system. In this work, computational fluid dynamic analysis is performed to investigate the air cooling system for a 38,120 cell battery pack. The battery pack contained 24 pieces of 38,120 cells, copper bus bars, intake and exhaust plenum and holding plates with venting holes. Heat generated by the cell during charging is measured using an accelerating rate calorimeter. Thermal performances of the battery pack were analyzed with various mass flow rates of cooling air using steady state simulation. The correlation between Nu number and Re number were deduced from the numerical modeling results and compared with literature. Additionally, an experimental testing of the battery pack at different charging rates is conducted to validate the correlation. This method provides a simple way to estimate thermal performance of the battery pack when the battery pack is large and full transient simulation is not viable.

Suggested Citation

  • Saw, Lip Huat & Ye, Yonghuang & Tay, Andrew A.O. & Chong, Wen Tong & Kuan, Seng How & Yew, Ming Chian, 2016. "Computational fluid dynamic and thermal analysis of Lithium-ion battery pack with air cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 783-792.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:177:y:2016:i:c:p:783-792
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.122
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261916307279
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.122?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ling, Ziye & Chen, Jiajie & Fang, Xiaoming & Zhang, Zhengguo & Xu, Tao & Gao, Xuenong & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2014. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the application of phase change materials in a simulative power batteries thermal management system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 104-113.
    2. Yalian Yang & Xiaosong Hu & Datong Qing & Fangyuan Chen, 2013. "Arrhenius Equation-Based Cell-Health Assessment: Application to Thermal Energy Management Design of a HEV NiMH Battery Pack," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-17, May.
    3. He, Yao & Liu, XingTao & Zhang, ChenBin & Chen, ZongHai, 2013. "A new model for State-of-Charge (SOC) estimation for high-power Li-ion batteries," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 808-814.
    4. Lin, Cheng & Mu, Hao & Xiong, Rui & Shen, Weixiang, 2016. "A novel multi-model probability battery state of charge estimation approach for electric vehicles using H-infinity algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 76-83.
    5. Tanaka, T. & Ito, S. & Muramatsu, M. & Yamada, T. & Kamiko, H. & Kakimoto, N. & Inui, Y., 2015. "Accurate and versatile simulation of transient voltage profile of lithium-ion secondary battery employing internal equivalent electric circuit," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 200-210.
    6. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2011. "A review of power battery thermal energy management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4554-4571.
    7. Jin, L.W. & Lee, P.S. & Kong, X.X. & Fan, Y. & Chou, S.K., 2014. "Ultra-thin minichannel LCP for EV battery thermal management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1786-1794.
    8. Ling, Ziye & Wang, Fangxian & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2015. "A hybrid thermal management system for lithium ion batteries combining phase change materials with forced-air cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 403-409.
    9. Noshin Omar & Mohamed Daowd & Omar Hegazy & Grietus Mulder & Jean-Marc Timmermans & Thierry Coosemans & Peter Van den Bossche & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2012. "Standardization Work for BEV and HEV Applications: Critical Appraisal of Recent Traction Battery Documents," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-19, January.
    10. Noshin Omar & Mohamed Daowd & Peter van den Bossche & Omar Hegazy & Jelle Smekens & Thierry Coosemans & Joeri van Mierlo, 2012. "Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Assessment of Electrical Characteristics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(8), pages 1-37, August.
    11. Saw, L.H. & Ye, Y. & Tay, A.A.O., 2014. "Electro-thermal analysis and integration issues of lithium ion battery for electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 97-107.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Oh, Ki-Yong & Epureanu, Bogdan I., 2016. "Characterization and modeling of the thermal mechanics of lithium-ion battery cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 633-646.
    2. Lv, Youfu & Yang, Xiaoqing & Li, Xinxi & Zhang, Guoqing & Wang, Ziyuan & Yang, Chengzhao, 2016. "Experimental study on a novel battery thermal management technology based on low density polyethylene-enhanced composite phase change materials coupled with low fins," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 376-382.
    3. Wu, Weixiong & Yang, Xiaoqing & Zhang, Guoqing & Ke, Xiufang & Wang, Ziyuan & Situ, Wenfu & Li, Xinxi & Zhang, Jiangyun, 2016. "An experimental study of thermal management system using copper mesh-enhanced composite phase change materials for power battery pack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 909-916.
    4. Ling, Ziye & Cao, Jiahao & Zhang, Wenbo & Zhang, Zhengguo & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong, 2018. "Compact liquid cooling strategy with phase change materials for Li-ion batteries optimized using response surface methodology," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 777-788.
    5. Mohammed, Abubakar Gambo & Elfeky, Karem Elsayed & Wang, Qiuwang, 2022. "Recent advancement and enhanced battery performance using phase change materials based hybrid battery thermal management for electric vehicles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    6. Shuwen Zhou & Yuemin Zhao & Shangyuan Gao, 2021. "Analysis of Heat Dissipation and Preheating Module for Vehicle Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-25, September.
    7. Zichen, Wang & Changqing, Du, 2021. "A comprehensive review on thermal management systems for power lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    8. Zhang, Jiangyun & Shao, Dan & Jiang, Liqin & Zhang, Guoqing & Wu, Hongwei & Day, Rodney & Jiang, Wenzhao, 2022. "Advanced thermal management system driven by phase change materials for power lithium-ion batteries: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    9. Saw, Lip Huat & Poon, Hiew Mun & Thiam, Hui San & Cai, Zuansi & Chong, Wen Tong & Pambudi, Nugroho Agung & King, Yeong Jin, 2018. "Novel thermal management system using mist cooling for lithium-ion battery packs," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 146-158.
    10. Wang, Tao & Tseng, K.J. & Zhao, Jiyun & Wei, Zhongbao, 2014. "Thermal investigation of lithium-ion battery module with different cell arrangement structures and forced air-cooling strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 229-238.
    11. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Qingchao & Huang, Congliang, 2016. "Investigation of the thermal performance of phase change material/mini-channel coupled battery thermal management system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 659-669.
    12. Giorgio Previati & Giampiero Mastinu & Massimiliano Gobbi, 2022. "Thermal Management of Electrified Vehicles—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-29, February.
    13. Luo, Jie & Gu, Heng & Wang, Shuo & Wang, Hao & Zou, Deqiu, 2022. "A coupled power battery cooling system based on phase change material and its influencing factors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    14. Cao, Jiahao & Luo, Mingyun & Fang, Xiaoming & Ling, Ziye & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2020. "Liquid cooling with phase change materials for cylindrical Li-ion batteries: An experimental and numerical study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    15. Omar, Noshin & Monem, Mohamed Abdel & Firouz, Yousef & Salminen, Justin & Smekens, Jelle & Hegazy, Omar & Gaulous, Hamid & Mulder, Grietus & Van den Bossche, Peter & Coosemans, Thierry & Van Mierlo, J, 2014. "Lithium iron phosphate based battery – Assessment of the aging parameters and development of cycle life model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1575-1585.
    16. Choon Kit Chan & Chi Hong Chung & Jeyagopi Raman, 2023. "Optimizing Thermal Management System in Electric Vehicle Battery Packs for Sustainable Transportation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-14, August.
    17. Ling, Ziye & Wang, Fangxian & Fang, Xiaoming & Gao, Xuenong & Zhang, Zhengguo, 2015. "A hybrid thermal management system for lithium ion batteries combining phase change materials with forced-air cooling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 403-409.
    18. Noshin Omar & Peter Van den Bossche & Thierry Coosemans & Joeri Van Mierlo, 2013. "Peukert Revisited—Critical Appraisal and Need for Modification for Lithium-Ion Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 6(11), pages 1-17, October.
    19. Jin, Xianrong & Duan, Xiting & Jiang, Wenjuan & Wang, Yan & Zou, Youlan & Lei, Weixin & Sun, Lizhong & Ma, Zengsheng, 2021. "Structural design of a composite board/heat pipe based on the coupled electro-chemical-thermal model in battery thermal management system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    20. Muhammad Umair Ali & Amad Zafar & Sarvar Hussain Nengroo & Sadam Hussain & Muhammad Junaid Alvi & Hee-Je Kim, 2019. "Towards a Smarter Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle Applications: A Critical Review of Lithium-Ion Battery State of Charge Estimation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-33, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:177:y:2016:i:c:p:783-792. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.