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Effects of water stress at different development stages on yield and water productivity of winter and summer safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

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  • Istanbulluoglu, A.
  • Gocmen, E.
  • Gezer, E.
  • Pasa, C.
  • Konukcu, F.

Abstract

A field study was carried out to determine the effects of water stress imposed at different development stages on grain yield, seasonal evapotranspiration, crop-water relationships, yield response to water and water use efficiency of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) for winter and summer sowing. The field trials were conducted on a loam Entisol soil in Thrace Region in Turkey, using Dincer, the most popular safflower variety in the research area. A randomised complete block design with three replications was used. Three known growth stages of the plant were considered and a total of 8 (including rainfed) irrigation treatments were applied. The effect of irrigation or water stress at any stage of development on grain yield per hectare and 1000 kernel weight, was evaluated. Results of this study showed that safflower was significantly affected by water shortage in the soil profile due to omitted irrigation during the sensitive vegetative stage. The highest yield was observed in the fully irrigated control and was higher for winter sowing than for summer sowing. Evapotranspiration calculated for non-stressed production was 728 and 673mm for winter and summer sowing, respectively. Safflower grain yield of the fully irrigated treatments was 4.05 and 3.74tha-1 for winter and summer season, respectively. The seasonal yield response factor was 0.97 and 0.81 for winter and summer sowing, respectively. The highest total water use efficiency was obtained in the treatment irrigated only at vegetative stage while the lowest value was observed when the crop was irrigated only at yield stage. As conclusions: (i) winter sowing is suggested; (ii) if deficit irrigation is to apply at only one or two stages, Y stage or Y and F stages should be omitted, respectively.

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  • Istanbulluoglu, A. & Gocmen, E. & Gezer, E. & Pasa, C. & Konukcu, F., 2009. "Effects of water stress at different development stages on yield and water productivity of winter and summer safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(10), pages 1429-1434, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:96:y:2009:i:10:p:1429-1434
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    2. Yousef Joshan & Behzad Sani & Hamid Jabbari & Hamid Mozafari & Payam Moaveni, 2019. "Effect of drought stress on oil content and fatty acids composition of some safflower genotypes," Plant, Soil and Environment, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 65(11), pages 563-567.
    3. Singh, Sukhbir & Angadi, Sangamesh V. & Grover, Kulbhushan & Begna, Sultan & Auld, Dick, 2016. "Drought response and yield formation of spring safflower under different water regimes in the semiarid Southern High Plains," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 354-362.
    4. Santos, Reginaldo Ferreira & Bassegio, Doglas & de Almeida Silva, Marcelo, 2017. "Productivity and production components of safflower genotypes affected by irrigation at phenological stages," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 66-74.
    5. Mukherjee, A. & Sarkar, S. & Chakraborty, P.K., 2012. "Marginal analysis of water productivity function of tomato crop grown under different irrigation regimes and mulch managements," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 121-127.
    6. Shahrokhnia, Mohammad Hossein & Sepaskhah, Ali Reza, 2016. "Effects of irrigation strategies, planting methods and nitrogen fertilization on yield, water and nitrogen efficiencies of safflower," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 18-30.
    7. Ghamarnia, Houshang & Jalili, Zahra, 2014. "Shallow saline groundwater use by Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in the presence of surface water in a semi-arid region," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 89-100.
    8. Bhattarai, Bishwoyog & Singh, Sukhbir & Angadi, Sangamesh V. & Begna, Sultan & Saini, Rupinder & Auld, Dick, 2020. "Spring safflower water use patterns in response to preseason and in-season irrigation applications," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    9. Marcella Michela Giuliani & Eugenio Nardella & Anna Gagliardi & Giuseppe Gatta, 2017. "Deficit Irrigation and Partial Root-Zone Drying Techniques in Processing Tomato Cultivated under Mediterranean Climate Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-15, November.
    10. Ghamarnia, Houshang & Gholamian, Mohsen, 2013. "The effect of saline shallow ground and surface water under deficit irrigation on (Carthamus tinctorius L.) in semi arid condition," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 29-37.
    11. Mukherjee, A. & Kundu, M. & Sarkar, S., 2010. "Role of irrigation and mulch on yield, evapotranspiration rate and water use pattern of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 98(1), pages 182-189, December.

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