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Besteuerung höherer Einkommen und Vermögen: internationale Entwicklungstendenzen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen

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  • Margit Schratzenstaller

Abstract

In the member states of the EU the weight of taxes on property is relatively stable, there is, however, a shift away from net wealth and inheritance taxes towards the taxation of immovable property. The long-term trend of decreasing top income tax rates was stopped by the need to consolidate public budgets, but additional income taxes on top incomes are levied in few EU member countries only. Capital incomes are mostly taxed at proportional and relatively low tax rates. Higher taxes on high incomes and wealth are propagated as instruments to mitigate increasing wealth and income inequality, and because they are relatively growth friendly. Reforms of tax structures, improvements in tax enforcement as well as international coordination of tax policy and administration are indispensable for their effective implementation. In den EU-Mitgliedsländern ist das Gewicht der vermögensbezogenen Steuern relativ stabil, allerdings ist eine Strukturverschiebung weg von allgemeiner Vermögen- und Erbschaftsteuer hin zur Grundbesteuerung festzustellen. Der längerfristige Trend sinkender Spitzensteuersätze wurde durch die Konsolidierungserfordernisse gestoppt, eigene "Reichensteuern" auf Höchsteinkommen gibt es aber nur in wenigen Ländern. Kapitaleinkünfte unterliegen zumeist proportionalen und relativ geringen Steuersätzen. Neben der steigenden Vermögens- und Einkommensungleichheit sprechen auch wachstums- und allokationspolitische Überlegungen für höhere Steuern auf hohe Einkommen und Vermögen. Steuerstrukturreformen, die Verbesserung des Besteuerungsvollzugs oder internationale Koordinierung von Steuerpolitik und -administration sind wichtige Voraussetzungen für ihre effektive Durchsetzung.

Suggested Citation

  • Margit Schratzenstaller, 2013. "Besteuerung höherer Einkommen und Vermögen: internationale Entwicklungstendenzen, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 82(1), pages 13-34.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:82-1-2
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.82.1.13
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    Cited by:

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    2. Sarah Godar & Achim Truger, 2017. "Shifting priorities in EU tax policies," IMK Studies 55-2017, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Wealth taxes; top income taxation; inheritance taxes; wealth and income inequality;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
    • H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies

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