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The Changing Face of Accountability in Humanitarianism: Using Artificial Intelligence for Anticipatory Action

Author

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  • Marc J. C. van den Homberg

    (510, an initiative of the Netherlands Red Cross, The Netherlands)

  • Caroline M. Gevaert

    (Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, The Netherlands)

  • Yola Georgiadou

    (Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, The Netherlands)

Abstract

Over the past two decades, humanitarian conduct has been drifting away from the classical paradigm. This drift is caused by the blurring of boundaries between development aid and humanitarianism and the increasing reliance on digital technologies and data. New humanitarianism, especially in the form of disaster risk reduction, involved government authorities in plans to strengthen their capacity to deal with disasters. Digital humanitarianism now enrolls remote data analytics: GIS capacity, local data and information management experts, and digital volunteers. It harnesses the power of artificial intelligence to strengthen humanitarian agencies and governments’ capacity to anticipate and cope better with crises. In this article, we first trace how the meaning of accountability changed from classical to new and finally to digital humanitarianism. We then describe a recent empirical case of anticipatory humanitarian action in the Philippines. The Red Cross Red Crescent movement designed an artificial intelligence algorithm to trigger the release of funds typically used for humanitarian response in advance of an impending typhoon to start up early actions to mitigate its potential impact. We highlight emerging actors and fora in the accountability relationship of anticipatory humanitarian action as well as the consequences arising from actors’ (mis)conduct. Finally, we reflect on the implications of this new form of algorithmic accountability for classical humanitarianism.

Suggested Citation

  • Marc J. C. van den Homberg & Caroline M. Gevaert & Yola Georgiadou, 2020. "The Changing Face of Accountability in Humanitarianism: Using Artificial Intelligence for Anticipatory Action," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 8(4), pages 456-467.
    • Handle: RePEc:cog:poango:v:8:y:2020:i:4:p:456-467
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    1. Dubey, Rameshwar & Bryde, David J. & Dwivedi, Yogesh K. & Graham, Gary & Foropon, Cyril, 2022. "Impact of artificial intelligence-driven big data analytics culture on agility and resilience in humanitarian supply chain: A practice-based view," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    2. Dorothea Hilhorst & Kees Boersma & Emmanuel Raju, 2020. "Research on Politics of Disaster Risk Governance: Where Are We Headed?," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 8(4), pages 214-219.
    3. Thirze D. G. Hermans & Robert Šakić Trogrlić & Marc J. C. Homberg & Hannah Bailon & Rebecca Sarku & Anuszka Mosurska, 2022. "Exploring the integration of local and scientific knowledge in early warning systems for disaster risk reduction: a review," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 114(2), pages 1125-1152, November.

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