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Spatial and non‐spatial proximity in university–industry collaboration: Mutual reinforcement and decreasing effects

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  • Emerson Gomes Santos
  • Renato Garcia
  • Veneziano Araujo
  • Suelene Mascarini
  • Ariana Costa

Abstract

The role of geographical proximity in fostering innovation is widely recognized, and local flows of information and knowledge‐sharing play a critical role in interactive learning. The aim of this paper is to evaluate synergistic effects and non‐linearities in spatial and non‐spatial proximity in university–industry collaborations. Previous studies have evaluated this issue in scientific collaboration. Here, we examine the role of geographical and cognitive proximity in university‐industry collaboration using data from collaborative projects between academic research groups and firms in Brazil (4,342 collaborations involving 3,063 firms and 1,738 research groups in most scientific fields). Our results reveal synergistic effects that mutually reinforce the benefits of geographical and cognitive proximity and reveal non‐linearity in the impacts of geographical and cognitive proximity in university‐industry collaborations. The contribution of our research is its examination of synergistic effects and non‐linearities in university‐industry collaborations that include information exchange and knowledge‐sharing between firms and their academic partners. El papel de la proximidad geográfica en el fomento de la innovación está ampliamente reconocido, y los flujos locales de información y diseminación de conocimientos juegan un papel fundamental en el aprendizaje interactivo. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar los efectos sinérgicos y las no linealidades en la proximidad espacial y no espacial en las colaboraciones universidad‐industria. Estudios anteriores han evaluado esta cuestión como una colaboración científica. Aquí, se examina el papel de las proximidades geográficas y cognitivas en la colaboración universidad‐industria, a partir de datos de proyectos de colaboración entre grupos de investigación académica y empresas de Brasil (4.342 colaboraciones en las que participaron 3.063 empresas y 1.738 grupos de investigación en la mayoría de los campos científicos). Nuestros resultados revelan efectos sinérgicos que refuerzan mutuamente los beneficios de la proximidad geográfica y cognitiva y revelan una no linealidad en los impactos de la proximidad geográfica y cognitiva en las colaboraciones universidad‐industria. La contribución de esta investigación es su examen de los efectos sinérgicos y las no linealidades en las colaboraciones universidad‐industria que incluyen el intercambio de información y conocimientos entre las empresas y sus socios académicos. イノベーションの醸成における地理的近接性の役割は広く認識されているが、インタラクティブ・ラーニングにおいては情報と知識共有の地域的フローが重要な役割を担っている。本稿の目的は、産学共同研究における空間的および非空間的な近接性の相乗効果と非線形性を評価することである。既存研究では、科学的共同研究におけるこの問題を評価している。今回は、ブラジルにおける大学研究グループと企業の共同プロジェクト (大部分の科学分野における3,063の企業と1,738の研究グループを含む4,342のコラボレーション)のデータを用いて、産学共同における地理的および認知的な近接性の役割を検討した。結果から、地理的および認知的な近接性の利点が相互に強化される相乗効果があること、そして産学協力における地理的および認知的な近接性の影響が非線形性であることを明らかにする。本稿は、企業とその研究パートナーの情報交換と知識共有を含む産学協力における相乗効果と非線形性を検討し、研究に寄与するものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Emerson Gomes Santos & Renato Garcia & Veneziano Araujo & Suelene Mascarini & Ariana Costa, 2021. "Spatial and non‐spatial proximity in university–industry collaboration: Mutual reinforcement and decreasing effects," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(4), pages 1249-1261, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:1249-1261
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12312
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