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The Role of Age and Gender in Educational Expansion: The South Asian Experience in the Global Context

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  • Petra Sauer

Abstract

I calculate education Gini coefficients and decompose the overall degree of educational inequality into age, sex, and within‐group components for 171 countries from 1970 to 2010. Doing so enables me to analyze the distributional outcomes of educational expansion. I use South Asia as a case study, as the education distribution in the region is among the most unequal in the world. Generally, educational inequality is decreasing over the observed sample period around the globe. Yet, as improvements are initiated by enhancing the educational opportunities of the young, the gap between cohorts widens in transition phases but vanishes thereafter. Gaps between the sexes are reduced substantially, but widen if either males or females are the first to enter higher education levels. Also, gaps within population subgroups follow a similar trajectory. Instead of a Kuznets‐curve relation, I thus find evidence for educational inequality to evolve in waves as education expands.

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  • Petra Sauer, 2019. "The Role of Age and Gender in Educational Expansion: The South Asian Experience in the Global Context," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 65(S1), pages 153-181, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:revinw:v:65:y:2019:i:s1:p:s153-s181
    DOI: 10.1111/roiw.12437
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    Cited by:

    1. Petra Sauer & Narasimha D. Rao & Shonali Pachauri, 2020. "Explaining income inequality trends: An integrated approach," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2020-65, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    2. Petra Sauer & Philippe Van Kerm & Daniele Checchi, 2023. "Higher Education Expansion & Labour Income Inequality in High-income Countries: A Gender-specific Perspective," LIS Working papers 837, LIS Cross-National Data Center in Luxembourg.

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