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Costs, Commitment and Compliance: The Impact of EU Democratic Conditionality on Latvia, Slovakia and Turkey

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  • Frank Schimmelfennig
  • Stefan Engert
  • Heiko Knobel

Abstract

‘Democratic conditionality’ is the core strategy of the EU to induce candidate states to comply with its human rights and democracy standards. How does it work and when is it effective? This article reports findings of a comparative study of ‘hard cases’: Slovakia under Meciar; Turkey; and Latvia. We argue that EU democratic conditionality is a strategy of ’reinforcement by reward’ which works through intergovernmental material bargaining. Its efficacy depends on the candidate governments' domestic political costs of compliance. By contrast, social influence and transnational mobilization have proved ineffective.

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  • Frank Schimmelfennig & Stefan Engert & Heiko Knobel, 2003. "Costs, Commitment and Compliance: The Impact of EU Democratic Conditionality on Latvia, Slovakia and Turkey," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(3), pages 495-518, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:jcmkts:v:41:y:2003:i:3:p:495-518
    DOI: 10.1111/1468-5965.00432
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    1. Milada Anna Vachudova, 2001. "The Leverage of International Institutions on Democratizing States: Eastern Europe and the European Union," EUI-RSCAS Working Papers 33, European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies (RSCAS).
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    Cited by:

    1. Mehmet Ugur, 2010. "Open‐Ended Membership Prospect and Commitment Credibility: Explaining the Deadlock in EU–Turkey Accession Negotiations," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(4), pages 967-991, September.
    2. Blavoukos, Spyros & Pagoulatos, George, 2008. "Fiscal adjustment in Southern Europe: the limits of EMU conditionality," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 5607, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Teodor Lucian Moga, 2010. "Connecting The Enlargement Process With The Europeanization Theory (The Case Of Turkey)," CES Working Papers, Centre for European Studies, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, vol. 2(1), pages 5-20, March.
    4. Buscaneanu, Sergiu, 2016. "Domestic facilitators and impediments to EU democracy promotion in its Eastern neighbourhood: The cost-benefit balance of norm adoption," Discussion Papers 2/16, Europa-Kolleg Hamburg, Institute for European Integration.
    5. Koch, Svea, 2015. "A Typology of Political Conditionality Beyond Aid: Conceptual Horizons Based on Lessons from the European Union," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 97-108.
    6. Dimiter Toshkov & Moritz Knoll & Lisa Wewerka, 2010. "Connecting the Dots: Case Studies and EU Implementation Research," Working Papers of the Vienna Institute for European integration research (EIF) 0, Institute for European integration research (EIF).
    7. Marc Debus & Jochen Müller & Peter Obert, 2011. "Europeanization and government formation in multi-level systems: Evidence from the Czech Republic," European Union Politics, , vol. 12(3), pages 381-403, September.
    8. Antoaneta Dimitrova, 2007. "Institutionalization of Imported Rules in the European Union's New Member States: Bringing Politics Back in the Research Agenda," EUI-RSCAS Working Papers 37, European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre of Advanced Studies (RSCAS).
    9. Mehmet Ugur, 2010. "Open‐Ended Membership Prospect and Commitment Credibility: Explaining the Deadlock in EU–Turkey Accession Negotiations," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(4), pages 967-991, September.
    10. Hlavac, Marek, 2010. "Has EU Enlargement Been, and Will It Continue to Be, a Success? An Evaluation of EU Enlargement's Effects on Policies Pursued by Candidate Countries," MPRA Paper 28075, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Dietmar Braun & Fabrizio Gilardi, 2006. "Taking ‘Galton's Problem’ Seriously," Journal of Theoretical Politics, , vol. 18(3), pages 298-322, July.
    12. Spyros Blavoukos & George Pagoulatos, 2008. "Fiscal Adjustment in Southern Europe: the Limits of EMU Conditionality," GreeSE – Hellenic Observatory Papers on Greece and Southeast Europe 12, Hellenic Observatory, LSE.
    13. Tanja A. Börzel & Vera van Hüllen, 2011. "Good Governance and Bad Neighbors? The Limits of the Transformative Power of Europe," KFG Working Papers p0035, Free University Berlin.
    14. Derya Buyuktanir Karacan, 2021. "Science diplomacy as a foreign policy tool for Turkey and the ramifications of collaboration with the EU," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 8(1), pages 1-12, December.
    15. Qerimi, Qerim & Sergi, Bruno S., 2021. "Let's lessen conditionality in times of force majeure events. The archaic righteousness of the policy of conditionality of international Institutions amid COVID-19," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    16. Judy Day & Peter Taylor, 2010. "Trajectories of accounting and auditing development in EU enlargement: comparative analysis of ten new member states," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 14(4), pages 313-350, November.

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