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What Can We Learn from Droppers and Non‐adopters About the Role of Advice in Agricultural Innovation?

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  • Lee‐Ann Sutherland
  • Lívia Madureira
  • Boelie Elzen
  • Christina Noble
  • Noemie Bechtet
  • Leanne Townsend
  • Eleni Zarokosta
  • Pierre Triboulet

Abstract

In this article we assess the diversity of sources of advice identified by 678 adopters, 295 non‐adopters and 107 droppers (or dis‐adopters, who have ceased or reduced the use) of agricultural innovations across 13 European countries. For most innovations, the volume and composition of advisory supports (e.g. public advisory services, farm business organisations, NGOs, research and development sector, other farmers), at the whole farm level were similar between adopters, non‐adopters and droppers. However, there were significant differences in relation to specific innovations. Farmers adopting digital technologies, soil‐improving cropping systems, and common management of natural resources identified more diverse sources when assessing innovations, suggesting that more diverse advisory support supported successful implementation. For new on‐farm activities, non‐adopters had more varied sources of advice than adopters. This demonstrates that non‐adoption can be a well‐informed decision. Droppers typically identified fewer sources of advice on an innovation than adopters, particularly in the later stages of the innovation process, suggesting that lack of advice impeded successful implementation. The findings suggest that public funding for advisory services could usefully target emergent gaps: to support the provision of up‐to‐date advice on topics to farmers who have difficulty accessing advice, and to prevent unnecessary dropping by supporting the implementation of innovations. Dans cet article, nous évaluons la diversité des sources de conseil identifiées par 678 adoptants, 295 non‐adoptants et 107 abandonneurs (ou dés‐adoptants, qui ont cessé ou réduit l'utilisation) d'innovations agricoles dans 13 pays européens. Pour la plupart des innovations, le volume et la composition des supports de conseil (par exemple, les services de conseil publics, les organisations professionnelles agricoles, les Organisations non‐gouvernementales, le secteur de la recherche et du développement, d'autres agriculteurs), au niveau de l'ensemble de l'exploitation, étaient similaires entre les adoptants, les non‐adoptants et les abandonneurs. Cependant, il y avait des différences significatives pour des innovations spécifiques. Les agriculteurs adoptant des technologies numériques, des systèmes de culture améliorant les sols et une gestion commune des ressources naturelles ont identifié des sources plus diversifiées lors de leur évaluation des innovations, ce qui suggère qu'un soutien consultatif plus diversifié a facilité le succès de la mise en œuvre. Pour les nouvelles activités à la ferme, les non‐adoptants avaient des sources de conseils plus variées que les adoptants. Cela démontre que la non‐adoption peut être une décision éclairée. Les abandonneurs ont généralement identifié moins de sources de conseils sur une innovation que les adoptants, en particulier dans les dernières étapes du processus d'innovation, ce qui suggère que le manque de conseils a entravé le succès de la mise en œuvre. Les résultats suggèrent que le financement public des services de conseil pourrait utilement cibler les lacunes émergentes: pour soutenir la fourniture de conseils actualisés sur des sujets particuliers aux agriculteurs qui ont des difficultés à y accéder, et pour éviter les abandons inutiles en soutenant la mise en œuvre d'innovations. Im vorliegenden Artikel bewerten wir die Vielfalt der Beratungsquellen, die von 678 Adoptern, 295 Nicht‐Adoptern und 107 Abbrechern (oder Ablehnern, die die Nutzung eingestellt oder reduziert haben) im Zusammenhang mit landwirtschaftlichen Innovationen in 13 Ländern genannt wurden. Bei den meisten Innovationen waren der Umfang und die Zusammensetzung der beratenden Unterstützung (z. B. öffentliche Beratungsdienste, landwirtschaftliche Unternehmensorganisationen, NRO, Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungssektor, andere Landwirte) auf der Ebene des gesamten landwirtschaftlichen Betriebs bei den Adoptern, den Nicht‐Adoptern und den Abbrechern ähnlich. Allerdings gab es erhebliche Unterschiede in Bezug auf spezifische Innovationen. Landwirte, die digitale Technologien, bodenverbessernde Anbausysteme und die gemeinsame Bewirtschaftung natürlicher Ressourcen einführten, nannten bei der Bewertung von Innovationen stärker unterschiedliche Quellen, was darauf hindeutet, dass eine vielfältigere Beratungsunterstützung die erfolgreiche Umsetzung unterstützt. Bei neuen Aktivitäten in den Betrieben hatten die Nicht‐Adoptern stärker variierende Beratungsquellen als die Adopter. Dies zeigt, dass die Nicht‐Adoption eine gut informierte Entscheidung sein kann. Diejenigen, die die einen Innovationsprozess abbrachen, nannten in der Regel weniger Beratungsquellen als die Adopter, insbesondere in den späteren Phasen des Innovationsprozesses, was darauf hindeutet, dass ein Mangel an Beratung die erfolgreiche Umsetzung behindert. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die öffentliche Finanzierung von Beratungsdiensten sinnvollerweise auf entstehende Lücken abzielen könnte: Das bedeutet, die Bereitstellung einer Up‐To‐Date‐Beratung für Landwirte mit erschwertem Beratungszugang zu unterstützen und unnötiges Abbrechen zu verhindern, indem Unterstützung bei der Implementierung von Innovationen gewährt wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Lee‐Ann Sutherland & Lívia Madureira & Boelie Elzen & Christina Noble & Noemie Bechtet & Leanne Townsend & Eleni Zarokosta & Pierre Triboulet, 2022. "What Can We Learn from Droppers and Non‐adopters About the Role of Advice in Agricultural Innovation?," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 21(1), pages 40-49, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:21:y:2022:i:1:p:40-49
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12353
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    1. Kiptot, Evelyne & Hebinck, Paul & Franzel, Steven & Richards, Paul, 2007. "Adopters, testers or pseudo-adopters? Dynamics of the use of improved tree fallows by farmers in western Kenya," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 509-519, May.
    2. Labarthe, Pierre & Laurent, Catherine, 2013. "Privatization of agricultural extension services in the EU: Towards a lack of adequate knowledge for small-scale farms?," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 240-252.
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