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The differential effect of traditional risk factors on infant birthweight among Blacks and Whites in Chicago

Author

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  • Collins Jr., J.W.
  • David, R.J.

Abstract

We analyzed 103,072 White and Black births in Chicago from the 1982 and 1983 Illinois vital records, using 1980 median family income of mother's census tract as an ecologic variable. Thirty-one percent of Blacks and 4 percent of Whites resided in census tracts with median family incomes ≤ $10,000/year. Only 2 percent of Black mothers, compared to 16 percent of White mothers, lived in areas where the median family income was greater than $25,000/year. Among Blacks with incomes ≤ $10,000/year, maternal age, education, and marital status had minimal predictive power on the incidence of low birthweight (LBW) infants. Among high-risk mothers in the poorest areas the proportion of LBW infants in Blacks and Whites was less divergent than in higher income areas. Independent of residential area, low-risk Whites had half the occurrence of LBW infants as Blacks. We conclude that the extremes of residential environments show dramatic racial disparity in prevalence, yet the few low-risk Blacks still do less well than low-risk Whites. Traditional risk factors do not completely explain racial differences in neonatal outcome.

Suggested Citation

  • Collins Jr., J.W. & David, R.J., 1990. "The differential effect of traditional risk factors on infant birthweight among Blacks and Whites in Chicago," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 80(6), pages 679-681.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1990:80:6:679-681_7
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. James Cramer, 1995. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Birthweight: The Role of Income and Financial Assistance," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 32(2), pages 231-247, May.
    2. Janet Currie & Enrico Moretti, 2007. "Biology as Destiny? Short- and Long-Run Determinants of Intergenerational Transmission of Birth Weight," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 25(2), pages 231-264.
    3. Avery Guest & Gunnar Almgren & Jon Hussey, 1998. "The ecology of race and socioeconomic distress: infant and working-age mortality in Chicago," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(1), pages 23-34, February.
    4. Shawnita Sealy-Jefferson & Dawn P. Misra, 2019. "Neighborhood Tax Foreclosures, Educational Attainment, and Preterm Birth among Urban African American Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, March.
    5. Padilla, Yolanda C. & Reichman, Nancy E., 2001. "Low birthweight: Do unwed fathers help?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 23(4-5), pages 427-452.
    6. Dilaram Acharya & Jitendra Kumar Singh & Rajendra Kadel & Seok-Ju Yoo & Ji-Hyuk Park & Kwan Lee, 2018. "Maternal Factors and Utilization of the Antenatal Care Services during Pregnancy Associated with Low Birth Weight in Rural Nepal: Analyses of the Antenatal Care and Birth Weight Records of the MATRI-S," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-14, November.
    7. Ncube, Collette N. & Enquobahrie, Daniel A. & Albert, Steven M. & Herrick, Amy L. & Burke, Jessica G., 2016. "Association of neighborhood context with offspring risk of preterm birth and low birthweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 156-164.
    8. Genevieve E O'Connor, 2016. "Investigating the significance of insurance and income on health service utilization across generational cohorts," Journal of Financial Services Marketing, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 19-33, March.
    9. Pickett, Kate E. & Collins, James Jr & Masi, Christopher M. & Wilkinson, Richard G., 2005. "The effects of racial density and income incongruity on pregnancy outcomes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(10), pages 2229-2238, May.

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