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Body mass index in urban Canada: Neighborhood and metropolitan area effects

Author

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  • Ross, N.A.
  • Tremblay, S.
  • Khan, S.
  • Crouse, D.
  • Tremblay, M.
  • Berthelot, J.-M.

Abstract

Objectives. We investigated the influence of neighborhood and metropolitan area characteristics on body mass index (BMI) in urban Canada in 2001. Methods. We conducted a multilevel analysis with data collected from a cross-sectional survey of men and women nested in neighborhoods and metropolitan areas in urban Canada during 2001. Results. After we controlled for individual sociodemographic characteristics and behaviors, the average BMIs of residents of neighborhoods in which a large proportion of individuals had less than a high school education were higher than those BMIs of residents in neighborhoods with small proportions of such individuals (P

Suggested Citation

  • Ross, N.A. & Tremblay, S. & Khan, S. & Crouse, D. & Tremblay, M. & Berthelot, J.-M., 2007. "Body mass index in urban Canada: Neighborhood and metropolitan area effects," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 97(3), pages 500-508.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2004.060954_6
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.060954
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    1. Hui Luan & Daniel Fuller, 2022. "Urban form in Canada at a small-area level: Quantifying “compactness†and “sprawl†with bayesian multivariate spatial factor analysis," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 49(4), pages 1300-1313, May.
    2. Steffen Andreas Schüle & Gabriele Bolte, 2015. "Interactive and Independent Associations between the Socioeconomic and Objective Built Environment on the Neighbourhood Level and Individual Health: A Systematic Review of Multilevel Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-31, April.
    3. Sund, Erik Reidar & Jones, Andy & Midthjell, Kristian, 2010. "Individual, family, and area predictors of BMI and BMI change in an adult Norwegian population: Findings from the HUNT study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(8), pages 1194-1202, April.
    4. Hess, Daniel Baldwin & Russell, Jessica Kozlowski, 2012. "Influence of built environment and transportation access on body mass index of older adults: Survey results from Erie County, New York," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 128-137.
    5. Hamdi Lemamsha & Chris Papadopoulos & Gurch Randhawa, 2018. "Perceived Environmental Factors Associated with Obesity in Libyan Men and Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-16, February.
    6. Wang, Lu & Hu, Wei, 2013. "Immigrant health, place effect and regional disparities in Canada," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 8-17.
    7. Burdette, Amy M. & Hill, Terrence D., 2008. "An examination of processes linking perceived neighborhood disorder and obesity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(1), pages 38-46, July.
    8. Stephanie A. Prince & Elizabeth A. Kristjansson & Katherine Russell & Jean-Michel Billette & Michael Sawada & Amira Ali & Mark S. Tremblay & Denis Prud’homme, 2011. "A Multilevel Analysis of Neighbourhood Built and Social Environments and Adult Self-Reported Physical Activity and Body Mass Index in Ottawa, Canada," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-26, October.
    9. Sarma, Sisira & Zaric, Gregory S. & Campbell, M. Karen & Gilliland, Jason, 2014. "The effect of physical activity on adult obesity: Evidence from the Canadian NPHS panel," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 1-21.
    10. Antonio Boing & S. Subramanian, 2015. "The influence of area-level education on body mass index, waist circumference and obesity according to gender," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 60(6), pages 727-736, September.
    11. Mohammad Hajizadeh & M. Karen Campbell & Sisira Sarma, 2014. "Socioeconomic inequalities in adult obesity risk in Canada: trends and decomposition analyses," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 15(2), pages 203-221, March.
    12. Gavin R. McCormack & Anita Blackstaffe & Alberto Nettel-Aguirre & Ilona Csizmadi & Beverly Sandalack & Francisco Alaniz Uribe & Afrah Rayes & Christine Friedenreich & Melissa L. Potestio, 2018. "The Independent Associations between Walk Score ® and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, Waist Circumference, Waist-To-Hip Ratio and Body Mass Index Among Urban Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, June.
    13. Ashley Isaac Naimi & Catherine Paquet & Lise Gauvin & Mark Daniel, 2009. "Associations between Area-Level Unemployment, Body Mass Index, and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in an Urban Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 6(12), pages 1-15, December.
    14. Corsi, Daniel J. & Finlay, Jocelyn E. & Subramanian, S.V., 2012. "Weight of communities: A multilevel analysis of body mass index in 32,814 neighborhoods in 57 low- to middle-income countries (LMICs)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(2), pages 311-322.
    15. Zick, Cathleen D. & Smith, Ken R. & Fan, Jessie X. & Brown, Barbara B. & Yamada, Ikuho & Kowaleski-Jones, Lori, 2009. "Running to the Store? The relationship between neighborhood environments and the risk of obesity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 1493-1500, November.
    16. Sisira Sarma & Rose Anne Devlin & Jason Gilliland & M. Karen Campbell & Gregory S. Zaric, 2015. "The Effect of Leisure‐Time Physical Activity on Obesity, Diabetes, High BP and Heart Disease Among Canadians: Evidence from 2000/2001 to 2005/2006," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(12), pages 1531-1547, December.
    17. Matheson, Flora I. & Moineddin, Rahim & Glazier, Richard H., 2008. "The weight of place: A multilevel analysis of gender, neighborhood material deprivation, and body mass index among Canadian adults," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(3), pages 675-690, February.
    18. Just, David R. & Gabrielyan, Gnel, 2018. "Influencing the food choices of SNAP consumers: Lessons from economics, psychology and marketing," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 309-317.
    19. Jessica Yu & Paul Gustafson & Martino Tran & Michael Brauer, 2022. "Assessing Trade-Offs and Optimal Ranges of Density for Life Expectancy and 12 Causes of Mortality in Metro Vancouver, Canada, 1990–2016," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-17, March.
    20. Darren J. Mayne & Geoffrey G. Morgan & Bin B. Jalaludin & Adrian E. Bauman, 2019. "Area-Level Walkability and the Geographic Distribution of High Body Mass in Sydney, Australia: A Spatial Analysis Using the 45 and Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-29, February.

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