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Digital Divide in Pakistan: Barriers to ICT Usage among the Individuals of Pakistan

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  • Waqas Shair
  • Abdul Waheed
  • Muhammad Mubasher Kamran
  • Neelam Kubra

Abstract

The Information and Communications Technology (ICT) revolution has radically improved connectivity across the globe and pervaded into most aspects of modern human life. The fourth industrial revolution is currently taking place, and it will be digital. Pakistan has made significant progress in the last few years in IT, but currently, Pakistan is ranked 135 out of 144 in access to the internet. This low level of ICT usage depends on the multiple factors affecting the individual's decision to ICT usage. For this purpose, this study surveys the correlates of ICT use capabilities in Pakistan. ICT usage is composite of specified digital skills. The data sourced from PSLM – HIES survey (2018-2019) was used for empirical analysis. The empirical evidence is based on the Logit model. The marginal effects of the Logit model suggest that socioeconomic, demographic, regional, and supply-side factors well explain the variation in the ICT usage capabilities of the individuals. Moreover, the leading determinants of the digital divide are ICT infrastructure and access to focal technology. We found a sizeable digital divide among the individuals of Pakistan. This study is an implication of target 9c of the ninth goal of sustainable development goals related to increasing access to ICT and striving to provide universal and affordable access to the internet in least-developed countries. The study's findings help the researcher highlight the factors hindering the ICT use capabilities of individuals and bridging Pakistan's digital divide diffusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Waqas Shair & Abdul Waheed & Muhammad Mubasher Kamran & Neelam Kubra, 2022. "Digital Divide in Pakistan: Barriers to ICT Usage among the Individuals of Pakistan," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 4(3), pages 196-204.
    • Handle: RePEc:adx:journl:v:4:y:2022:i:3:p:196-204
    DOI: 10.52223/jei4032206
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Waqas Shair & Muhammad Tariq Majeed, "undated". "Labor Market Outcomes Of Non-Migrant Members In Response To Remittances: Evidence From Provincial Capital Of Punjab And Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (Kpk)," Review of Socio - Economic Perspectives 202047, Reviewsep.
    2. Nelson, Charles R. & Plosser, Charles I., 1982. "Trends and random walks in macroeconmic time series : Some evidence and implications," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 10(2), pages 139-162.
    3. Tasneem Zafar & Khalid Aftab, 2007. "Digital Divide: An Econometric Study of the Determinants in Information-poor Countries," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 46(1), pages 63-96.
    4. Jamil, Sadia, 2021. "From digital divide to digital inclusion: Challenges for wide-ranging digitalization in Pakistan," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(8).
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    Cited by:

    1. Waqas Shair & Salman Arif Mir & Saem Hussain & Sara Bukhari, 2023. "Effect of Safety Net Program on Household Food Insecurity in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(1), pages 131-141, March.
    2. Raja Mazhar Hameed & Abdul Rafae Mazhar Raja, 2023. "The Impact of Green Awareness on Green Purchase Intentions with Mediating Effect of Green Trust: A Consumer Perspective," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(2), pages 60-67.
    3. Myra Imran Rafiq, 2023. "Bridging the Digital Divide through Social Inclusion: A Cross- Country Analysis Study of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh," Journal of Economic Impact, Science Impact Publishers, vol. 5(1), pages 69-75.
    4. Waqas Shair & Tatheer Zahra & Muhammad Tayyab & Neelam Kubra, 2022. "The Impact of the Digital Divide on Wage Gaps among Individuals in Pakistan," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 97-107, December.
    5. Asma Halim & Irshad Ahmad Arshad & Summaira Haroon & Waqas Shair, 2022. "A Comparative Study of Modified Hidden Logits Using Randomized Response Techniques," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(4), pages 447-461, December.
    6. Salman Arif Mir & Waqas Shair & Saem Hussain & Said Aleemuddin, 2023. "Factors Influencing Household Satisfaction with Public Healthcare Services," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 9(2), pages 422-432.

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