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Bangladesh's political realignment after the parliamentary elections: Hope for stability, concerns about democratic pluralism

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  • Scholz, Tobias
  • Wigger, Leo

Abstract

The parliamentary elections held in Bangladesh on 12 February 2026 marked a turning point in the country's recent history. In August 2024, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who had served for a total of 20 years, with one interruption, was removed from office. An interim government led by Nobel Peace Prize laureate Muhammad Yunus subsequently took power. Following two years of political uncertainty, it succeeded in organising elections that were procedurally sound. Bangladesh's political system has thus demonstrated a considerable degree of institutional resilience. At the same time, the election outcome raises new questions regarding the future of democratic pluralism in the country. The decisive election victory of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) means that one of the country's two historic political family dynasties will remain at the helm of government. The Muslim fundamentalist camp gained vote share, which could negatively impact the role of women in society as well as complicate Bangladesh's renewed rapprochement with neighbouring India.

Suggested Citation

  • Scholz, Tobias & Wigger, Leo, 2026. "Bangladesh's political realignment after the parliamentary elections: Hope for stability, concerns about democratic pluralism," SWP Comments 13/2026, Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), German Institute for International and Security Affairs.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:swpcom:339642
    DOI: 10.18449/2026C13
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