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Deutsche Wirtschaft im Sommer 2026: Wenig Schwung - erhöhte Risiken

Author

Listed:
  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens
  • Groll, Dominik
  • Hoffmann, Timo
  • Jannsen, Nils
  • Krohn, Johanna
  • Mentzer, Finn
  • Kooths, Stefan

Abstract

Auf die deutsche Wirtschaft wirken derzeit gegenläufige Kräfte. Während die Finanzpolitik für expansive Impulse sorgt, bremsen die Folgen des Irankriegs die wirtschaftliche Dynamik. Davon abgesehen zeigt die deutsche Wirtschaft zwar zaghafte Erholungssignale, strukturelle Hemmnisse stehen einer breit angelegten und kräftigen Belebung der wirtschaftlichen Aktivität jedoch entgegen. Dies zeigt sich auch in dem ungewöhnlichen Muster der sich abzeichnenden Erholung. Während bislang kaum Anzeichen für kräftige Zuwächse bei den Exporten und den Unternehmensinvestitionen erkennbar sind - wie sie für frühere Erholungsphasen charakteristisch waren -, dürften vor allem die öffentlichen Investitionen und der Konsum gespeist durch die expansive Finanzpolitik anziehen. Die deutlich gestiegenen Rohstoffpreise infolge des Irankriegs zehren an der Kaufkraft und schlagen sich in einem Anstieg der Inflationsrate auf 2,8 Prozent in diesem Jahr nieder. Auch im kommenden Jahr wird die Inflation mit 2,3 Prozent voraussichtlich erhöht bleiben. Mittlerweile deuten die Markterwartungen auf deutlich persistentere Rohstoffpreis-anstiege hin, so dass die wirtschaftliche Dynamik wohl anders als von uns im Frühjahr erwartet bis in das kommende Jahr hinein belastet wird. Vor diesem Hintergrund rechnen wir mit Zuwächsen des Bruttoinlandsprodukts von 0,8 Prozent (2026) bzw. 1,0 Prozent (2027). Gegenüber unserer Frühjahrsprognose gehen wir nun von einem geringeren Anstieg für das kommende Jahr aus (Frühjahr: 1,4 Prozent), vor allem weil die Rohstoffpreisanstiege stärker belasten und von der Finanzpolitik etwas geringere Impulse ausgehen dürften. Die Lage am Arbeitsmarkt wird sich nur allmählich bessern. Neben der geringen wirtschaftlichen Dynamik dämpft zunehmend auch die demografisch bedingt schrumpfende Zahl der dem Arbeits-markt zur Verfügung stehenden Personen die Erwerbstätigkeit. Der expansive Kurs der Finanzpolitik lässt das Budgetdefizit von 2,8 Prozent in Relation zum Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Jahr 2025 auf 4,1 Prozent im Jahr 2027 steigen.

Suggested Citation

  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens & Groll, Dominik & Hoffmann, Timo & Jannsen, Nils & Krohn, Johanna & Mentzer, Finn & Kooths, Stefan, 2026. "Deutsche Wirtschaft im Sommer 2026: Wenig Schwung - erhöhte Risiken," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 134, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkkb:341656
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    References listed on IDEAS

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