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Mittelfristprojektion im Frühjahr 2025: Finanzpolitik überdehnt die Wachstumskräfte

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  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens
  • Gern, Klaus-Jürgen
  • Groll, Dominik
  • Hoffmann, Timo
  • Jannsen, Nils
  • Kooths, Stefan
  • Krohn, Johanna
  • Liu, Wan-Hsin
  • Reents, Jan
  • Schröder, Christian

Abstract

Das Wachstum der Produktionsmöglichkeiten der deutschen Wirtschaft bleibt verhalten. Die Wachstumsrate des Produktionspotenzials sinkt von gegenwärtig 0,4 Prozent auf 0,2 Prozent im Jahr 2029. Maßgeblich für diese Entwicklung ist die Alterung der Erwerbsbevölkerung. Das potenzielle Arbeitsvolumen überschreitet im laufenden Jahr - trotz eines positiven Wanderungssaldos - seinen Zenit und dürfte ab dem Jahr 2026 einen Abwärtstrend einschlagen. Auch der Kapitalstock und die Produktivität weisen im historischen Vergleich geringe Wachstumsbeiträge auf. Verfahrensgemäß stützt für sich genommen die in Sondierungsgesprächen von Union und SPD vereinbarte expansive Finanzpolitik das Potenzialwachstum. Im Vergleich zur Projektion aus dem September revidieren wir das Produktionspotenzial leicht nach oben. Jedoch liegt der Wachstumspfad weit unter dem, den wir im Jahr 2019 erwartet hatten. Die Wirtschaftsleistung dürfte im laufenden Jahr noch recht deutlich unter dem Potenzial liegen. Im weiteren Verlauf dürfte sich die Produktionslücke schließen, ehe die gesamtwirtschaftlichen Kapazitäten ab dem Jahr 2027 aufgrund der expansiven Finanzpolitik sogar überausgelastet sein dürften. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn, wie in der Projektion unterstellt, keine zusätzlichen wirtschaftspolitischen Maßnahmen ergriffen werden, die das Produktionspotenzial merklich erhöhen.

Suggested Citation

  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens & Gern, Klaus-Jürgen & Groll, Dominik & Hoffmann, Timo & Jannsen, Nils & Kooths, Stefan & Krohn, Johanna & Liu, Wan-Hsin & Reents, Jan & Schröder, Christian, 2025. "Mittelfristprojektion im Frühjahr 2025: Finanzpolitik überdehnt die Wachstumskräfte," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 123, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkkb:321903
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    1. Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens & Groll, Dominik & Hoffmann, Timo & Jannsen, Nils & Kooths, Stefan & Krohn, Johanna & Reents, Jan & Schröder, Christian, 2025. "Deutsche Wirtschaft im Herbst 2025: Konjunktur noch ohne Schwung [German Economy in Autumn 2025: Economy yet to gain momentum]," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 127, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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