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Economic Development–Sustainability Paradox: Evidence from Ecological Constraints and Human Development

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  • Tripathi, Minakshi
  • Kumar, Bhupendra

Abstract

This study explores the relationship between financial globalization, measured through GDP per capita, ecological footprint, and human development, by focusing on sustainable development within Asian and African countries. Using a fixed-effects panel regression and mediation analysis. The secondary data was taken from sources like Global Footprint Network, the World Bank, and the UNDP from the period of 2000 to 2025 on a total of 119 countries, which makes 3,150 country-year observations. The result identifies that financial globalization did not show the directly impact on both ecological footprint and human development. Instead, the ecological footprint was found to have a significant and negative impact on the Human Development Index (HDI). Score shows that there are no statistically significant direct effects of financial globalization represented by GDP per capita on ecological footprint (β=1.54, p=0.98) or human development (β=6.95 x 10-7, p=0.33). However, ecological footprints have a significant negative impact on the Human Development Index (β=-0.0119, p

Suggested Citation

  • Tripathi, Minakshi & Kumar, Bhupendra, 2026. "Economic Development–Sustainability Paradox: Evidence from Ecological Constraints and Human Development," EconStor Conference Papers 344631, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:esconf:344631
    DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22880860
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