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Banks and nature: How strongly does the banking sector in Germany depend on ecosystem services?

Author

Listed:
  • Becker, Annette
  • Dransfeld, Marvin
  • Genswein, Fabian
  • Kormanyos, Emily
  • Krischak, Paolo
  • Schlam, Carina
  • Thomas, Julia

Abstract

This study examines the dependency of the banking sector in Germany on ecosystem services through its corporate lending. Ecosystem services are derived from nature's capacity to provide inputs for economic activity. We analyze how banks overall and categories of banks in Germany depend on ecosystem services, both directly and indirectly. Our findings indicate that banks are particularly reliant on a number of ecosystem services that relate either to water resources, or to water-regulating aspects. Additionally, indirect dependencies from supply chain connections frequently outweigh direct ones, and regionally focused banks show higher dependencies on ecosystem services compared to other categories of banks. These results underscore the importance of a better comprehension of nature-related risks and their implications for banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Becker, Annette & Dransfeld, Marvin & Genswein, Fabian & Kormanyos, Emily & Krischak, Paolo & Schlam, Carina & Thomas, Julia, 2026. "Banks and nature: How strongly does the banking sector in Germany depend on ecosystem services?," Technical Papers 03/2026, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bubtps:343576
    DOI: 10.71734/TP-2026-3
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    JEL classification:

    • C67 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Input-Output Models
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • Q25 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Water
    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics

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