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State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2024

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  • World Bank

Abstract

This report provides an up-to-date overview of existing and emerging carbon pricing instruments around the world, including international, national, and subnational initiatives. It also investigates trends surrounding the development and implementation of carbon pricing instruments and some of the drivers seen over the past year. Specifically, this report covers carbon taxes, emissions trading systems (ETSs), and crediting mechanisms. Key topics covered in the 2024 report include uptake of ETSs and carbon taxes in low- and middle- income economies, sectoral coverage of ETSs and carbon taxes, and the use of crediting mechanisms as part of the policy mix.

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  • World Bank, "undated". "State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2024," World Bank Publications - Reports 41544, The World Bank Group.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wboper:41544
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    Cited by:

    1. Axsen, Jonn & Long, Zoe, 2025. "Accepting and implementing transport pricing policies for climate: A review of evidence and research gaps," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 238(C).
    2. Galle, Johannes & Oliveira, Rodrigo & Overbeck, Daniel & Riedel, Nadine & Severnini, Edson, 2025. "Carbon Taxation and Firm Behavior in Emerging Economies: Evidence from South Africa," IZA Discussion Papers 18212, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Rafaty, Ryan & Dolphin, Geoffroy & Pretis, Felix, 2025. "Carbon pricing and the elasticity of CO2 emissions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    4. Christoph Böhringer & Carsten Helm, 2026. "The Impact of Sector Coupling on Climate Policy Regulations," Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, University of Chicago Press, vol. 13(1), pages 115-153.
    5. Qian, Xiang-Yan & Yu, Yan-Yan & Yan, Song-Yang & Jiang, Hong-Dian, 2025. "Environmental and economy-wide impacts of green fiscal policies on digital economy development: A CGE-based analysis," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 65-75.
    6. Andrey Artemenkov & Olga E. Medvedeva & Alexander N. Pavlov & Omonjon Ganiev, 2025. "The Issues of Carbon Pricing in the Russian Federation: The Local and International Perspectives Under the Cost Approach and the Role of Afforestation Projects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-16, January.
    7. Hagen Kruse & Franziska Lieselotte Ohnsorge & Gabriel Zenon Tourek & Zoe Leiyu Xie, 2025. "Bridging the Gap : Revenue Mobilization in South Asia," Policy Research Working Paper Series 11104, The World Bank.
    8. Benmir, Ghassane & Roman, Josselin & Taschini, Luca, 2025. "Weitzman meets Taylor: EU allowance price drivers and carbon cap rules," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 128515, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    9. Blasberg, Alexander & Kiesel, Rüdiger & Taschini, Luca, 2024. "Carbon default swap – disentangling the exposure to carbon risk through CDS," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 128528, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    10. Ovando, Paola & Castellazzi, Marie & Baggio-Compagnucci, Andrea & Hewitt, Richard J. & Gimona, Alessandro, 2025. "Feasibility of woodland expansion for carbon offsetting in Scotland revisited," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    11. Bauer, Adam Michael & Hallegatte, Stephane & McIsaac, Florent, 2024. "The Timing versus Allocation Trade-off in Politically Constrained Climate Policies," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10971, The World Bank.
    12. Piero Basaglia & Clara Berestycki & Stefano Carattini & Antoine Dechezleprêtre & Tobias Kruse, 2025. "Climate Policy Uncertainty and Firms' and Investors' Behavior," CESifo Working Paper Series 11782, CESifo.
    13. World Bank, 2024. "Clean Tech Value Chains," World Bank Publications - Reports 42568, The World Bank Group.
    14. Ahmad, Azaria Haykal & Aziz, Muhammad, 2025. "Decarbonization path of natural gas combined cycle using chemical looping hydrogen generation: Thermodynamics, emissions, and economics studies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    15. Annelys Machado Schetinger & Hugo Barros Bozelli & João Marcelo Teixeira do Amaral & Carolina Coutinho Mendonça de Souza & Amaro Olimpio Pereira & André Guilherme Peixoto Alves & Emanuel Leonardus van, 2025. "Floating Offshore Wind and Carbon Credits in Brazil: A Case Study on Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Unit Decarbonization," Resources, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-25, May.
    16. Hansani, K.U.D.N. & Schuster, Lukas & Macreadie, Peter I. & Malerba, Martino E., 2025. "Nature positive farm dams," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    17. Liu, Zhongyi & Hu, Bin & Wu, Di & Wang, Ruzhu, 2025. "Electrification and decarbonization in global brewing industry driven by industrial heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    18. Esposito, Luca & Tedeschi, Marco, 2025. "The role of GHG emissions on capital accumulation in emerging countries. A dynamic analysis on BICS economies," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    19. Steven Poelhekke, 2024. "Greening the Economy," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-064/VIII, Tinbergen Institute.
    20. Shih-Heng Yu & Ying-Sin Lin & Jia-Li Zhang & Chia-Shan Hsu & Shu-Min Cheng, 2025. "Incorporating Carbon Fees into the Efficiency Evaluation of Taiwan’s Steel Industry Using Data Envelopment Analysis with Negative Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-18, September.
    21. Yu, Yan-Yan & Zhong, Chao-Yun & Zhang, Shu-Xin & Jiang, Hong-Dian, 2025. "The economic burden of a carbon tax on Chinese residents: A gender and income perspective," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    22. Simon Otto, 2025. "The external impact of EU climate policy: political responses to the EU’s carbon border adjustment mechanism," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 25(2), pages 177-194, June.
    23. Canan Ozkan & Zehra Bilgen Susanlı & Nesrin Okay, 2025. "Transitioning Away from Fossil Fuels to Renewables: A Multifaceted Approach and Related Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-18, September.
    24. Saleh Alotaibi & Hani Alogaili & Khaled Alawwad & Sulaiman Aljarallah, 2025. "The Environmental and Business Benefits of Implementing the ISO 50001 Energy Management System in Government Buildings: A Case Study of the Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-26, June.

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