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Des jardins partagés dans les quartiers d'habitat social : un moyen de repenser les pratiques alimentaires ?

Author

Listed:
  • Darmon, N.
  • Martin, P.
  • Scheromm, P.
  • Ghestem, F.
  • Marchand, P.
  • Consalès, J.N.

Abstract

Social inequalities in diet are attributed to sociocultural determinants, economic constraints, and unequal access to healthy food. Fruits and vegetables are lacking in the diets of disadvantaged populations. The objective was to test the hypothesis that, in poor neighborhoods, community gardeners will have larger supply of healthy food, especially fruit and vegetables, than non-gardeners. We examined community gardens from the perspective of production, economics and nutrition, and social and symbolic dimensions, through multidisciplinary investigations involving women with access to a community garden plot in a poor neighborhood of Marseille, France. Gardeners’ monthly household food supplies (purchases and garden production) were analyzed and compared with those of women with a similar socio-economic profile living in the same neighborhoods, without access to a garden. Twenty-one gardeners participated. Only eleven of them harvested during the month of the study, and the amount they collected averaged 53 g of produce per household member per day. Whether they harvested or not, most gardeners gave preference to diversity, taste and healthiness of produce over quantity produced. Interviews revealed a value assigned to social, cultural and symbolic dimensions: pride in producing and cooking their own produce, related self-esteem, and sharing their produce at the meal table. The only significant difference between the food supplies of gardener and non-gardener households was seen for fruit and vegetables (369 vs. 211 g/d per person). This difference was due to larger purchases of fruit and vegetables, and not to higher quantities produced. In spite of the cross-sectional nature of our study and the small quantities harvested, our results suggest that having access to a community garden could encourage socio-economically disadvantaged women to adopt dietary practices that more closely meet dietary recommendations. ....French Abstract: L’objectif de cette étude était de tester l’hypothèse selon laquelle, dans les quartiers pauvres, les jardiniers cultivant dans des jardins partagés auraient des approvisionnements en fruits et légumes plus élevés que des non-jardiniers. Une enquête pluridisciplinaire a été réalisée auprès de femmes ayant accès à une parcelle individuelle dans des jardins partagés de quartiers pauvres de Marseille. Les approvisionnements alimentaires mensuels des foyers de ces jardinières (achats et production du jardin) ont été analysés et comparés à ceux de femmes de profil socioéconomique similaire, vivant dans les mêmes quartiers mais n’ayant pas accès à un jardin. Au total, 21 jardinières ont participé à l’enquête. Seulement 11 d’entre elles ont récolté des produits potagers au jardin durant le mois d’enquête, les quantités produites s’élevant en moyenne à 53g de produits potagers par personne vivant dans le foyer et par jour. Qu’elles aient récolté ou non, les jardinières privilégiaient la diversité, le goût et la valeur santé des produits plutôt que les quantités produites. Les enquêtes ont révélé les valeurs sociale, culturelle et symbolique du jardinage (fierté de produire et de cuisiner sa propre production, estime de soi, commensalité). Concernant les approvisionnements alimentaires, la seule différence significative entre les foyers des jardinières et des non-jardinières concernait les fruits et légumes : 369 vs. 211 g par personne et par jour, respectivement, du fait d’achats plus importants de légumes dans les foyers des jardinières. Bien que l’étude soit transversale et malgré la faible quantité de produits potagers récoltés, nos résultats suggèrent que l’accès à un jardin partagé pourrait favoriser l’adoption de pratiques alimentaires plus favorables à la santé par les habitants de quartiers défavorisés

Suggested Citation

  • Darmon, N. & Martin, P. & Scheromm, P. & Ghestem, F. & Marchand, P. & Consalès, J.N., 2018. "Des jardins partagés dans les quartiers d'habitat social : un moyen de repenser les pratiques alimentaires ?," Working Papers MoISA 201802, UMR MoISA : Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (social and nutritional sciences): CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, L'Institut Agro, Montpellier SupAgro, IRD - Montpellier, France.
  • Handle: RePEc:umr:wpaper:201802
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    Keywords

    WOMEN; POVERTY; URBAN; COMMUNITY GARDEN; FRUIT AND VEGETABLES; NUTRITION; HOUSEHOLD FOOD SUPPLY; FOOD BUDGET; FEMME; PAUVRETE; URBAIN; FRUITS ET LEGUMES; NUTRITION; ACHATS ALIMENTAIRES; BUDGET ALIMENTAIRE;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand

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