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Far from free: How social proximity affects paternalism

Author

Listed:
  • Katharina Brütt

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

  • Eve Ernst

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)

Abstract

Paternalistic policies are pervasive, yet little is known about how relationships between decision-makers and targets shape them. This paper examines how social proximity -- the degree to which individuals share identity-defining traits – influences paternalistic interventions. In an experiment with a representative U.S. sample, we manipulate proximity and distinguish between preference-responsive paternalism, reflecting one’s own preferences, and belief-responsive paternalism, reflecting beliefs about others’ preferences. Social proximity leaves the overall frequency of restrictions unchanged but shifts their driver: low proximity fosters preference-responsive paternalism, while high proximity promotes belief-responsive paternalism. Non-religious and independents restrict least; Christians and Republicans restrict more dissimilar others.

Suggested Citation

  • Katharina Brütt & Eve Ernst, 2025. "Far from free: How social proximity affects paternalism," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 25-068/I, Tinbergen Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:tin:wpaper:20250068
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • D15 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Intertemporal Household Choice; Life Cycle Models and Saving
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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