Aging populations, chronic diseases, gender and the risk of disability

The current discussion in the EU of the increase in life expectancy as it relates to pension reform misses a big part of the picture. The increase in life expectancy in Europe, as in the US, is accompanied by an increasing risk of disability in the later years. The time between the onset of a chronic disease and death has increased dramatically in the last half century. It has also created a situation where older workers risk being limited in the kind of paid work they can do and the very old risk having two or more chronic diseases. The high prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities in aging populations has not yet been recognized by the new policy of “Live Longer Work Longer” (Keese, M. et al. 2006). How are workers to work longer if they are limited in the kind and type of work they perform? Official European Union documents stress the demographic changes in Europe primarily the increase in life expectancy but not the increase in disability.