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The Dependence Structure of Macroeconomic Variables in the US

Author

Listed:
  • Cathy Q. Ning

    (Department of Economics, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada)

  • Loran Chollete

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Business Administration, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway)

Abstract

A central role for economic policy involves reducing the incidence of systemic downturns, when key economic variables experience joint extreme events. In this paper, we empirically analyze such dependence using two approaches, correlations and copulas. We document four findings. First, linear correlations and copulas disagree substantially about the nation’s dependence structure, indicating correlation complexity in the US economy. Second, GDP exhibits linear dependence with interest rates and prices, but no extreme dependence with the latter. This is consistent with the existence of liquidity traps. Third, GDP exhibits asymmetric extreme dependence with employment, consumption and investment, with relatively greater dependence during downturns. Fourth, money is neutral, especially during extreme economic conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Cathy Q. Ning & Loran Chollete, 2009. "The Dependence Structure of Macroeconomic Variables in the US," Working Papers 005, Toronto Metropolitan University, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:rye:wpaper:wp005
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    Cited by:

    1. Jozef Baruník & Tobias Kley, 2019. "Quantile coherency: A general measure for dependence between cyclical economic variables," The Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 22(2), pages 131-152.
    2. Salah Uddin, Gazi & Lucey, Brian & Rahman, Md Lutfur & Stenvall, David, 2024. "Quantile coherency across bonds, commodities, currencies, and equities," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 33(C).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • E20 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E40 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - General

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