Analysis of import substitution possibilities in key sectors of the closed- loop economy, including waste management[Анализ Возможностей Импортозамещения В Ключевых Отраслях Экономики Замкнутого Цикла, Включая Сферу Обращения С Отходами]

In the context of growing environmental issues and the need for sustainable development, the closed-cycle economy is becoming an actual model of production and consumption, which determines the relevance of research in the field of identifying import substitution opportunities in the sectors of the closed-cycle economy in Russia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities of import substitution in key sectors of the closed- cycle economy, including waste management. The objectives of the scientific work are to consider the theoretical foundations of the closed-cycle economy and its key elements, to study the Russian regulatory framework and classification of economic activity in the sectors of the closed-loop economy, to analyze Russian plans and programs for import substitution and cyclical economy, as well as to identify potential areas and opportunities for import substitution in the sectors of the closed-loop economy in Russia. As a result of the study, it was possible to identify potential areas of import substitution in industry, agriculture, construction and waste management. Among the main conclusions, the progressive and gradual character of import substitution of foreign equipment by Russian analogues can be noted. In addition, the introduction of import substitution in closed-cycle industries will strengthen economic independence and reduce dependence on imports. It is also worth noting that the Russian regulatory framework and import substitution plans provide for certain measures and directions for the development of a closed-cycle economy.