Contribuţii Privind Aplicarea Tgs În Domeniul Social

The SII analysis is based on GTS, a unifying theory with important applications in the management, modeling and simulating of organizations and processes. As a biologist, Ludwig von Bertalanffy studied the organism as an open system. He contributes to the substantiation of the “holist” theory of life and nature. Ludwig von Bertalanffy’s biological theory is at the basis of GTS. The investigation field of GTS is ever broader through its application in technique, economy, psychology, sociology, linguistics, history and management. GTS is a model that can be applied to different knowledge fields (it is similar to the evolution theory). - The science of systems – an ensemble of principles that apply to all systems. Bertalanffy emphasizes the correspondences and isomorphisms of systems in general. - The technology of systems implies hardware, the principles of software development, and communication equipments. - The philosophy of systems – the new systemic paradigm, “a new philosophy of nature” that configures the “world as a large organization”. This approach distinguishes between systems: - real systems (a galaxy, a cell), that exist independently from the observer; - conceptual systems (logical-mathematical theories) – symbolic structures; - abstract systems (applied theories) – conceptual systems that correspond to reality. The final horizon is that of understanding culture as a system of values that implies human evolution. The central notion of GTS is the structure studied in technique, linguistics, anthropology and psychology. - In linguistics: De Saussure inspired from economical analysis and introduced the conceptual couple of significant-signified, thus opening the way for cognitive sciences. - In anthropology: Claude Levi-Strauss considers that social development is determined by intellectual structures; he looks for the invariants that explain social balance. - In psychology: the Gestalt theory of the German school (works on psychology of form in the perception field); then J. Piaget who describes intelligence as a construction of structures realized by autoorganizing. - In technique: information theory, cybernetics, bionics, integrated informatic systems theory (TSII), neurocybernetics etc.