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North America’s Supply Chain Integration and Implications for Korea

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  • Hyok Jung KIM

    (KOREA INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY (KIEP))

Abstract

This paper analyzes the evolution of North American supply chain integration and its implications for Korea. After being suspended under Trump, the North American Leaders’ Summit was revived by the Biden administration with agendas on health, competitiveness, and migration, later expanding to initiatives such as the Semiconductor Forum and critical minerals mapping. Despite political strains during the Trump years, cross-border investment among the United States, Canada, and Mexico remained resilient, and Biden’s term saw renewed growth. Under Trump 2.0, “America First” tariffs imposed via IEEPA and Section 232 have hindered integration, but respect for the USMCA and anti-China measures may paradoxically reinforce regional ties. Input–output analysis shows deepening supply chain linkages in autos, batteries, and especially semiconductors, with positive spillovers for Korea’s exports. Korea benefits most directly from batteries, chemicals, and autos, and indirectly from semiconductors, suggesting its optimal strategy is to act as a complementary partner to North American integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyok Jung KIM, 2025. "North America’s Supply Chain Integration and Implications for Korea," World Economy Brief 25-27, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:kiepwe:022497
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