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국제사회의 공유경제 추진현황과 시사점 (Current status and implications of the sharing economy in the US, Europe, and China)

Author

Listed:
  • Na, Seung Kwon

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Kim, Eunmi

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Choi, Eun Hye

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

Abstract

The emergence of a new phenomenon widely referred to as the sharing economy has experienced rapid growth over the past few years along with the digital evolution, allowing people to share and optimize underused personal assets on a much larger scale. The fast-paced growth of the sharing economy has taken root worldwide in both the developed and developing countries. In recent years, the sharing economy has disrupted traditional markets and generated difficult legal questions and political debates in various parts of the world. The growth of the sharing economy has led to growing pains for the platforms, participants, and regulators. The problems include legal disputes, taxation, and trust mechanisms. Despite these disputes, however, the three countries have legalized or attempted to authorize the sharing economy in different tactics while trying not to disrupt innovation associated with the sharing economy. The objective of this paper is to identify better policy options in the sharing economy for Korea by examining different countries' policy implications. To achieve this purpose, the structure of this paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter of the paper develops a conceptual framework that supports to define and explain the sharing economy. The next three chapters touch upon different conflicts and policy implications of the sharing economy across the United States, Europe, and China. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of policy implications of the sharing economy for Korea. IT 기술의 발전과 함께 최근 공유경제가 디지털경제 시대에 주요한 혁신동력의 하나로 주목받고 있다. 그러나 한편으로는 공유경제 확산에 따라 기존 경제주체와의 갈등, 제도적 미비로 인한 문제가 나타나면서, 주요국들은 이에 대한 대응책 마련에 고심하고 있는 상황이다. 한국 역시 최근 우버, 에어비앤비의 국내 진출에 따라 다양한 갈등요인이 표출되고 있다. 이처럼 다양한 문제가 제기되고 있음에도 각국에서는 여전히 다양한 공유경제 기반의 비즈니스 모델이 끊임없이 나타나고 있다. 이는 최근의 소비 패턴 변화 등으로 인하여 공유경제 모델에 대한 관심과 요구가 확산되었으며, 디지털 플랫폼의 발전에 따라 공유 경제 활동을 효율적으로 구현할 수 있는 환경이 조성되었기 때문으로 판단된다. 더불어 공유경제는 사회 전체의 후생 증대뿐 아니라 지역경제 활성화, 노동시장의 유연성 확보, 창업 촉진 등 다양한 경제ㆍ사회적 문제 해결을 위한 수단으로서 각국에서 그 정책적 가치를 인정받고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 미국, 유럽, 중국 등 주요 국가들이 공유경제의 성장성을 유지해나가는 한편 각종 부정적 영향에 대하여 정책적으로 어떻게 대응하였는지를 살펴보고, 이를 통해 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 다만 광범위한 공유경제 분야를 모두 다룰 수 없기 때문에, 비교적 시장이 활성화되어 있으면서도 논쟁의 중심에 있는 숙박 및 차량 공유에 초점을 맞추어 분석하였다.

Suggested Citation

  • Na, Seung Kwon & Kim, Eunmi & Choi, Eun Hye, 2017. "국제사회의 공유경제 추진현황과 시사점 (Current status and implications of the sharing economy in the US, Europe, and China)," Policy Reference 17-10, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kiepre:2017_010
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    Keywords

    Sharing Economy;

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