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21세기 한-쿠바 협력관계 증진을 위한 정책방안 모색: 정치, 경제, 문화부문을 중심으로 (Searching Cooperation Methods for Promoting Relation between Korea and Cuba: Focusing on Economic, Cultural and Environmental Fields)

Author

Listed:
  • Chung , Kyung Won

    (National Research Foundation of Korea)

  • Cho , Gu Ho

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

  • Shin , Jeong Hwan

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

  • Kim , Won Ho

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

  • Mun , Nam Kwon

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

  • Jung , Gi Woong

    (Korea Foundation)

  • Ha , Sang Sub

    (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)

Abstract

Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 한국-쿠바 국교정상화 가능성에 대한 고찰을 시작으로 문화, 경제, 환경 분야의 현안들과 한국-쿠바 관계 증진을 위한 다양한 협력 방안들을 제시하고자 했다. 한국-쿠바 국교정상화가 빠른 시일 내에 이루어지기는 힘들다고 전제할 때, 우리가 던질 수 있는 최적의 질문은, 한국-쿠바 국교정상화를 위해 과연 '우리는 어떤 전략적 선택을 해야 하며, 양국 미래를 위해 어떤 협력 방안이 필요한가'다. 크게 두 가지 방법이 있다. 먼저 한국이 일방적으로 양보하는 방법이다. 그러나 쿠바와의 국교정상화로 한국이 얻을 수 있는 이익이 압도적으로 크지 않은 상황에서 일방적 양보는 좋은 방법이라고 볼 수 없다. 윈-셋 변화와 우리가 사용할 수 있는 전략이 제한되어 있다는 점을 감안할 때 시한을 설정하거나 급하게 추진하는 것은 협상에 불리하게 작용할 수밖에 없다. 따라서 미국의 대 쿠바 엠바고 해제 여부와 긴밀한 관계를 갖는 시장의 변화, 쿠바 내 정치상황 변화 가능성 등을 감안할 때 협상 시한을 설정하거나 국교정상화를 서두르기 보다는 수교 여부와 상관없는 장기적 관계 강화의 수순을 밟는 것이 보다 현실적인 방안이라고 할 수 있을 것이다. 다른 하나는 상황의 변화를 꾀함으로써 쿠바가 양보할 수 있는 분위기를 조성하는 것이다. 몇 가지 방법의 제시가 가능하다. 첫째, ‘쿠바의 지도자 집단을 움직여라’ 이다. 지도자 집단의 의사가 가장 큰 영향을 미칠 수밖에 없는 쿠바의 외교정책결정구조를 감안하였을 때, 가장 손쉬운 방법은 쿠바의 정책결정자들에게 강력한 유인 요소를 제공함으로써 그들이 북한과의 관계를 한쪽으로 미루어 놓고 대한민국과의 국교를 정상화 하도록 유도하는 것이다. 노태우 정권 시기 북방정책의 결과물들이 터져 나올 때의 대한민국 외교가 사용했던 많은 방법들이 고려될 수 있을 것이다. 그러나 현 상황은 냉전 종식 직후와는 매우 다를 뿐 아니라, 쿠바의 정책결정자들 또한 의리와 명분을 중시하는 외교정책을 선호해 왔음을 감안할 때 현실적으로 쉽지 않은 방법이다. (후략) English Abstract: This study aims at finding out (international) cooperation methods in the fields of economics, culture and environment for promoting Korea-Cuba relations. Expected delaying of normalization of diplomatic relation between Korea and Cuba which it is not clear how soon this would happen, our research question focused on what strategic choices could be helpful to promote future relations for both countries. Of course, it could be consider a giving up strategy as one-side method in negotiation of normalization of diplomatic relation between S. Korea and Cuba. However, even if S. Korea could not obtain overwhelmingly large benefits with getting in a situation, unilateral concessions would not be considered in a good way for international negotiation. If we also recognize the limited situation with win-set changes, such as by using strategies that would set a deadline for when given that it has limited, or no choice, this kind of pushing strategy is to work as a disadvantage for better negotiation. Beyond giving up or pushing strategy, therefore we must consider the changing market situation in Cuba such as a closely related with a possibility of America's embargo release for Cuba in near future and a possibility of changing political circumstances, etc. and rather than being in a hurry to step on a course for strengthening ties, we must take actions in a way of more realistic methods with a long-term process for making normalization of diplomatic relations for both countries. The other method is to creating special conditions by changing circumstances and inducing Cuban concession with some ways as below: First, as a little bit easy and a possible option, 'Move Cuban Political Leaders'. We understand that Cuban political leaders have played a great role as important decision-making entity, especially in the context of diplomatic policy-making structure established more strongly and for a long time in particular after Cuban Revolution in 1959. By providing them strong incentives and leading them to keep away from N. Korea, it will lead to normalize diplomatic relations with S. Korea. However, in fact this strategy is not easy to realize as well, because Cuban diplomatic policies have been sustained for a long time on a basis of upholding loyalty and a cause for their foreign policies, especially with N. Korea as well.

Suggested Citation

  • Chung , Kyung Won & Cho , Gu Ho & Shin , Jeong Hwan & Kim , Won Ho & Mun , Nam Kwon & Jung , Gi Woong & Ha , Sang Sub, 2015. "21세기 한-쿠바 협력관계 증진을 위한 정책방안 모색: 정치, 경제, 문화부문을 중심으로 (Searching Cooperation Methods for Promoting Relation between Korea and Cuba: Focusing on Economic, Cultural and Environmental Fields)," Policy Analyses 15-31, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kieppa:2015_031
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2783218
    Note: Downloadable document is available in Korean.
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