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주요국의 위안화 허브전략 분석 및 한국의 대응방안 (Strategy Analysis of Offshore Renminbi Hub and Korea's Countermeasures )

Author

Listed:
  • Han , Minsoo

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Seo, Bongkyo

    (Dongduk Women's University)

  • Lim, Tae-Hoon

    (Korea Capital Market Institute (KCMI))

  • Kang , Eunjung

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

  • Kim , Youngsun

    (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy)

Abstract

Korean Abstract: 2015년 11월 12일에 임종룡 금융위원장은 앞으로 금융 중심지로서의 실질적인 기능을 강화하는 방향으로 우리나라의 금융정책을 추진하겠다는 뜻을 밝혔다. 최근 정부가 제시한 금융산업 경쟁력 강화방안의 세부 목표 중 금융중심지 조성에 다시 주목하고 있는 것이다. 이는 우리나라에 금융 중심지를 조성함으로써 국내 금융사가 해외 금융 서비스 수요를 유치하는 한편 해외금융사의 국내 시장으로의 진입을 유도해서 우리나라 금융산업의 신성장동력을 확보하기 위함이다. 하지만 과거의 경험에 비추어볼 때 우리나라에 세계적인 경쟁력을 갖춘 동북아 금융허브를 조성하는 과정은 쉽지 않을 것이다. 우리나라 정부는 지난 2003년부터 '동북아 금융허브' 추진전략을 국정과제로 설정하고 2020년 아시아 3대 금융허브로 도약한다는 비전을 제시하면서 국내 금융 및 경제 규제환경 개선, 국제 금융기관을 유치하기 위한 다양한 유인정책 등을 제시했다. 하지만 동북아 금융센터 발전전략은 사실상 뚜렷한 성과를 내지 못한 것으로 평가받고 있으며1) 세계경제포럼(WEF)에 따르면 지난 10년 사이 우리나라 금융산업의 경쟁력은 2007년 27위에서 2015년 87위로 오히려 크게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 그럼에도 불구하고 다음의 세 가지 대내외 경제 환경의 변화는 우리 정부의 금융 중심지 추진과 관련해 주목할 필요가 있다. 첫째, 중국 정부의 지난 수년간의 위안화 국제화의 노력이 성과를 거두어서 2015년 11월 위안화는 IMF의 SDR 통화 바스켓 구성에 10% 이상 편입되었다. 또한 중국 정부는 향후에도 위안화 국제화를 꾸준히 추진할 것임을 거듭 밝히고 있다. 둘째, 단계적이고 점진적인 자본시장 개방과 환율운용의 점진적인 규제완화 방식을 채택하고 있는 중국에게 있어서 위안화 역외 금융허브 (RMB offshore financial Hub)의 역할은 위안화 국제화를 위해 중요하다. 따라서 중국은 전면적인 자본시장 개방 전에 상당 기간 동안 위안화 역외 허브를 지원할 것이다. 마지막으로 2014년 7월 3일 중국 시진핑 주석의 방문을 계기로 2014년 12월부터 원-위안화 직거래 시장 개설, 교통은행 (Bank of Communications) 서울지점의 위완화 청산결제은행으로의 선정, 800억 위안 규모의 위안화 적격해외기관투자자 (RQFII: RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor) 자격 획득 등 원-위안화 직거래시장의 확대는 순조롭게 진행되고 있다. English Abstract: Jong-yong Yim, chairman of the Financial Services Commission (FSC) in Korea, said on November 12, 2015 that one of the FSC future policies is to establish a financial hub in Korea. In particular, among Korean government proposals for elevating competitiveness of Korean financial sector, the creation and development of a financial hub recently receives attention. An established financial hub might be able to allow domestic financial companies to address to the foreign demand for financial services and induce the entry of foreign financial companies into Korean financial industry. Thereby, the creation and development of a financial hub would be new momentum for growth in Korean financial sector. Our past experience tells that it would be a difficult task to create and develop a competitive financial hub in Korea, however. Korean government established the roadmap for the creation and development of Northeastern Asian financial hub in Korea as Presidential agenda in 2003, planned to implement a series of financial sector reforms, and announced that the future Korean financial hub would become one of three major financial hubs in Asia until 2020. However, the current consensus is that a financial hub in Korea has yet been successful and, as World Economic Forum (WEF) announced, the competitiveness in Korean financial industry has gotten worse from 27th rank in 2007 to currently 87th in the world. Nevertheless, the following three recent changes in domestic and foreign economic environment should be notable as regards Korean government's efforts for establishing a financial hub in Korea. First, since the last couple of year efforts by Chinese government for RMB (Chinese yuan) internalization, the IMF said on November 30, 2015 that it added RMB to its benchmark SDR basket. Chinese government also said that it continued to push for RMB internalization in the future. Second, RMB offshore financial hubs are important for RMB internalization as Chinese government takes a gradual approach to openness of its capital market and deregulation of its exchange rate manipulation. Therefore, for the time being Chinese government would support RMB offshore financial hubs. Lastly, since the visit of Xi Jinping, Chinese president, on July 3, 2014, China and Korea have agreed upon opening won-yuan direct market, assigning the Korean branch of Bank of Communications to become a RMB clearing house in Korea, and 80 billion RMBs of RQFII (RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor) grant.

Suggested Citation

  • Han , Minsoo & Seo, Bongkyo & Lim, Tae-Hoon & Kang , Eunjung & Kim , Youngsun, 2015. "주요국의 위안화 허브전략 분석 및 한국의 대응방안 (Strategy Analysis of Offshore Renminbi Hub and Korea's Countermeasures )," Policy Analyses 15-4, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:kieppa:2015_004
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2778374
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    Keywords

    Renminbi; Offshore Financial Hub; Korea; China; Hong Kong; Singapore; Taiwan; London; Luxembourg;
    All these keywords.

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