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Climate Shocks and Noncommunicable Diseases Among Older People in India

Author

Listed:
  • Arpita Khanna

    (National University of Singapore)

  • Minhaj Mahmud

    (Asian Development Bank)

  • Nidhiya Menon

    (Brandeis University)

Abstract

This study empirically investigates the impact of climate change on the incidence of noncommunicable diseases among older population in India. Using demographic and health surveys from 2019–2021 linked with georeferenced meteorological data at local levels, and a specification that controls for long-term local climate trends as well as individual and household characteristics, we show that unanticipated heat shocks have significant impacts on the prevalence of hypertension, high blood glucose levels, and overweight or obese status. The impact of heat shock on hypertension is somewhat more evident among urban, lower caste, and lower educated men, while the impact on glucose levels is more pronounced among the higher educated in urban settings. Body mass index is particularly sensitive to heat shocks in older rural women and individuals with higher education. Engagement in occupations more exposed to outdoor work (agriculture/manual) and lifestyle factors tied to wealth status are some explanatory mechanisms.

Suggested Citation

  • Arpita Khanna & Minhaj Mahmud & Nidhiya Menon, 2026. "Climate Shocks and Noncommunicable Diseases Among Older People in India," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 834, Asian Development Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ris:adbewp:022142
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    JEL classification:

    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products

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