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La révolution biotechnologique quand le débat éthique masque les enjeux économiques et industriels

Author

Listed:
  • Renaud Bellais

    (labrii, ULCO)

Abstract

La commercialisation des plantes transgéniques suscite de vives polémiques sur les implications scientifiques et éthiques des manipulations du génome des plantes. Les questions scientifiques, environnementales et sanitaires masquent toutefois les enjeux économiques sous-jacents. En effet, les biotechno1ogies suscitent un intérêt économique croissant non seulement de la part des firmes, mais aussi des États. Les biotechnologies végétales sont considérées comme un domaine d'avenir, source de croissance économique et d'emplois. Cependant les nouvelles activités sont de plus en plus dominées par les grands groupes de l'agrochimie. Si les petites firmes semblent jouer un rôle crucial dans cette révolution économique, les biotechnologies permettent une recomposition du paysage industriel au bénéfice des grands groupes – remodelant tout en renforçant cet oligopole mondial très concentré. The commercialization of transgenic plants rises several discussions on the scientific and ethical implications of plant-genome manipulations. However the scientific and sanitary questions mask the underlying economic stakes. Actually biotechnology engenders an economic interest not only from corporations, but also from States. Biotechnology, in general and more specifically in agriculture, is considered as a source of economic growth and jobs creation. If small firms seem to play a crucial role in this economic revolu-tion, biotechnology gives the agrochemical giants the opportunity to restructure the industrial landscape to their benefit–remodeling while strengthening this highly concentrated worldwide oligopoly.

Suggested Citation

  • Renaud Bellais, 1999. "La révolution biotechnologique quand le débat éthique masque les enjeux économiques et industriels," Working Papers 21, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
  • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:21
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    biotechnologie végétale; agrochimie; Révolution industrielle; enjeux économiques biotechnology; agrochimistry; agriculture; economic growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q16 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Biofuels; Agricultural Extension Services
    • P43 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems - - - Finance; Public Finance

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