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Faut-il re-nationaliser les entreprises en Afrique ? (Should we re-nationalize enterprises in Africa?)

Author

Listed:
  • Prosper Metougue

    (labrii, ULCO)

Abstract

L’économie néoclassique, fondement des politiques d’ajustement des économies africaines estime qu’une crise endogène du système de marché est impossible car il contient des mécanismes autorégulateurs. L’extension du rôle de l’Etat est la source essentielle des déséquilibres car sa présence conduit à une éviction de l’initiative privée. D’où la nécessité de tenir l’Etat à l’écart de l’activité productive marchande. Il faut donc privatiser l’ensemble des entreprises publiques et parapubliques et réduire les transferts et subventions. Les analystes affirment cependant que la situation est loin d’être parfaite en Afrique. La privatisation a certes consolidé les finances publiques car elle a réduit les subventions et procuré aux pouvoirs publics les moyens de faire face aux échéances de la dette publique extérieure. Elle a cependant non seulement conduit beaucoup d’entreprises privatisées à la faillite, mais aggravé la pauvreté. Ainsi se pose la question du rôle de fondamentale de l’entreprise publique dans une économie en crise et ses relations avec le secteur privé local. Neoclassical economics, which inspired the adjustment policies implemented in african economies, considers that an endogenous crisis of the market system is impossible, due to autoregulation mecanisms. The widening of the role of state creates difficulties, supplanting private initiative. This explains the necessity to reduce state intervention in merchant production activities. Public enterprises and semi public ones must be privatized and transfers and subsidies must be reduced. However, according to the experts, the african situation is far from perfect. Privatization has strengthened the public budget, by reducing subsidies and giving to the public agencies the means to face the settlement date of the exterior public debt. Nevertheless, many privatized enterprises have gone bankrupt and poverty has grown. This situation raises the issue of the role of the public enterprise, and of its relations with the private local sector in an economy in a state of crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Prosper Metougue, 2005. "Faut-il re-nationaliser les entreprises en Afrique ? (Should we re-nationalize enterprises in Africa?)," Working Papers 102, Laboratoire de Recherche sur l'Industrie et l'Innovation. ULCO / Research Unit on Industry and Innovation.
  • Handle: RePEc:rii:riidoc:102
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Re-nationalize; enterprise; Africa;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E13 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Neoclassical
    • O55 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Africa

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