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Efectos distributivos de la inflación

Author

Listed:
  • Nikita Céspedes Reynaga

    (Banco Central de Reserva del Perú)

  • Mario Huarancca

    (Banco Central de Reserva del Perú)

Abstract

Este estudio analiza los efectos distributivos de la inflaci´on sobre el consumo de los hogares peruanos. La inflación por hogar se estima utilizando microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares. Mediante un enfoque de diferencias en diferencias y un análisis de eventos, se identifica el impacto causal de la inflaci´on elevada sobre el gasto per c´apita de los hogares, diferenciando entre niveles de ingreso y grados de exposición a los choques inflacionarios. Los resultados muestran que la alta inflación tuvo un efecto contractivo y regresivo sobre el consumo: los hogares de menores ingresos experimentaron reducciones significativas de hasta 8,6 %, mientras que los hogares de mayores ingresos lograron amortiguar el impacto. Asimismo, haciendo uso de un modelo de consumo basado en la hip´otesis del ingreso permanente se muestra que los hogares con mayores recursos presentan una propensión marginal a consumir del ingreso permanente superior a la del ingreso transitorio, lo que evidencia su capacidad de suavizamiento, mientras que los hogares pobres no logran estabilizar su consumo ante incrementos de precios.

Suggested Citation

  • Nikita Céspedes Reynaga & Mario Huarancca, 2025. "Efectos distributivos de la inflación," Working Papers 2025-022, Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
  • Handle: RePEc:rbp:wpaper:2025-022
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    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • D14 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Household Saving; Personal Finance
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being

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