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Changes to Bank Capital Ratios and their Drivers Prior and During COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from EU

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  • Pavel Jankulár
  • Zdeněk Tůma

Abstract

We contribute to literature on banks´ strategies to increasing capital requirements in the period of 2017-2021. We analyze a sample of 85 European banks and differentiate between subgroups according to bank's size, capitalization and riskiness. We examine their responses to higher capital requirements following the issuance of finalized Basel III reforms and increased regulatory and supervisory scrutiny after the COVID-19 outbreak. We found evidence that banks´ adjustments in the direction of higher capital ratio were more pronounced and faster in the COVID-19 period, and that they depended on banks´ specific characteristics and positions. Identified variances between banks and periods resulted mainly from different treatment of risk on banks' books. In particular, higher capitalization and lower risk profile enabled banks to take on the risk regardless of period, while banks with increased risk rather limited their balance sheets to manage their capital ratios.

Suggested Citation

  • Pavel Jankulár & Zdeněk Tůma, 2023. "Changes to Bank Capital Ratios and their Drivers Prior and During COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from EU," FFA Working Papers 5.004, Prague University of Economics and Business, revised 10 Jun 2023.
    • Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlwps:v:5:y:2023:id:5.004
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    capital ratio; Basel capital requirements; COVID-19 pandemic; global financial crisis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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