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Девизна Политика Југославије 1945–1990: Искуства И Поуке
[Yugoslav Foreign Currency Policy in 1945–1990: Experiences and Lessons]

Author

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  • Bukvić, Rajko

Abstract

Serbian Abstract. У раду се разматра девизна политика Југославије у периоду социјалистичке изградње (1945–1990). Приказан је њен развој од строге централизације и монопола целе спољне трговине, с Егализационим фондом и централизацијом девиза у Централном девизном фонду, до почетка 1950-их, у правцу децентрализације и примене разноврсних инструмената монетарне, спољнотрговинске и девизне политике. Упоредо са стицањем пословне самосталности привредни субјекти су добијали и самосталност у спољнотрговинском пословању и у стицању и располагању девизним средствима. У оквиру тога, међутим, одвијали су се и процеси преношења значајних овлашћења федералних на републике и покрајине, укључујући и увођење њихових девизних и платнобилансних пројекција. Заједно са сличним процесима у другим сегментима привредног система и економске политике, све је то допринело развлашћивању федералне државе и припремало терен за њен распад. Сама спољнотрговинска и девизна политика заснивала се, уз то, нарочито током деценије 1980–1990 на погрешним концептима (теорија паритета куповних снага) и игнорисала је налазе економске науке (Дугорочни програм економске стабилизације). English Abstract. This paper deals with the foreign currency policy of Yugoslavia during its socialist construction period between 1945 and 1990. It presents its development from the strict centralization and state monopoly over the totality of foreign trade, marked by the Equalization Fund and the centralization of foreign currency in the Central Foreign Currency Fund, which were applied until the beginning of the 1950-ies, to a decentralization and application of a new set of different monetary, foreign trade and currency policies. Along with gaining business independence, enterprises were also gaining independence in foreign trade and in gaining and management of foreign currency assets. However, these processes brought about a transferal of important responsibilities from federal to republic and provincial levels, including the introduction of republic and provincial foreign currency projections and projections regarding the balance of payments. Together with similar processes taking place in other segments of industry and economic politics, it all contributed to depriving the federal state of responsibilities, thus providing a basis for its future disintegration. Moreover, the Yugoslav foreign trade and foreign currency policies were based on wrong concepts, such as the theory of purchasing power parity, and they ignored the findings of the economic science, such as the long-term program of economic stabilization, especially during the decade of the 1980-ies.

Suggested Citation

  • Bukvić, Rajko, 2016. "Девизна Политика Југославије 1945–1990: Искуства И Поуке [Yugoslav Foreign Currency Policy in 1945–1990: Experiences and Lessons]," MPRA Paper 76211, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2016.
  • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:76211
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    девизна политика; девизни систем; централизација; монопол спољне трговине; девизне и платнобилансне пројекције; курс; Foreign currency policy; foreign currency system; centralization; monopoly over foreign trade; foreign currency and balance of payments projections; exchange rate;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F33 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Monetary Arrangements and Institutions
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • N24 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Europe: 1913-
    • O24 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy

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