Globalizacija i konkurentska sposobnost naše privrede[Globalization and the Competitiveness of Our Economy]

Serbian: U radu se razmatraju problemi konkurentnosti privrede Srbije, odnosno SR Jugoslavije u kontekstu globalizacije. Kao proces koji zahvata sve veći deo svetskih privreda, nastojeći da ih integriše u globalnu – svetsku ekonomiju, globalizacija je zasnovana na premisama neoliberalne ekonomije i teorije komparativnih prednosti. Kao takva, ona se odlikuje nizom protivrečnosti, kojima utiče i pozitivno i negativno na sve te privrede, pre svega na male zemlje, zemlje u razvoju i bivše socijalističke zemlje. Posebno se ističe da su nosioci globalizacije moćne transnacionalne kompanije, koje obavljaju najveći deo svetske proizvodnje, trgovine i investicija. Kao rezultat privrede u navedenim zenljama su ranjive, uključujući i životnu sredinu, kao i društvenu koheziju, prava zaposlenih i dr. Stoga i putevi njihovog uklapanja u svetske trgovinske i investicione tokove zahtevaju dobro sagledavanje njihovih trenutnih konkurentskih prednosti (i nedostataka) i osmišljavanje adekvatne strategije za takvo uklapanje. Kao jedno od mogućih rešenja u tom smislu ističe se lokalizacija, kao proces obrnut postojećem trendu globalizacije. English. The paper discusses the problems of competitiveness of the economy of Serbia, that is, FR Yugoslavia in the context of globalization. As a process that covers an increasing part of the world's economies, trying to integrate them into the global - world economy, globalization is based on the premises of neoliberal economics and the theory of comparative advantages. As such, it is characterized by a series of contradictions, which affect both positively and negatively all those economies, above all small countries, developing countries and former socialist countries. It is particularly emphasized that the bearers of globalization are powerful transnational companies, which perform the largest part of the world's production, trade and investments. As a result, the economy in the aforementioned areas is vulnerable, including the environment, as well as social cohesion, employee rights, etc. Therefore, the ways of their integration into world trade and investment flows require a good understanding of their current competitive advantages (and disadvantages) and the design of an adequate strategy for such integration. Localization stands out as one of the possible solutions in this sense, as a process that reverses the existing trend of globalization.