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School Bullying Contributes to Lower PISA Achievement among Filipino Students: Who Gets Bullied? Why Does It Matter?

Author

Listed:
  • Abrigo, Michael R.M.
  • Lingatong, Edmar E.
  • Relos, Charlotte Marjorie L.

Abstract

The Philippines has one of the highest school bullying rates in the world. While its nature, causes, and impacts are well-documented in the international literature, local evidence remains limited and at times conflicting. This study assesses the contribution of bullying exposure to student achievement in a large-scale international student assessment and infers its potential long-term implications. Differences in bullying exposure explain around 0.05 standard deviations of the gap in average student achievement between proficient and nonproficient students, which could potentially cost the Philippines around PHP 10–20 billion annually in foregone economic activity. Important risk factors for being the “most bullied” around the world are also documented, along with highlighting spatial disparities in bullying risks. Comments on this paper are welcome within 60 days from the date of posting. Email publications@pids.gov.ph.

Suggested Citation

  • Abrigo, Michael R.M. & Lingatong, Edmar E. & Relos, Charlotte Marjorie L., 2024. "School Bullying Contributes to Lower PISA Achievement among Filipino Students: Who Gets Bullied? Why Does It Matter?," Discussion Papers DP 2024-45, Philippine Institute for Development Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2024-45
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2024.45
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    Keywords

    school bullying; basic education; learning loss; learning achievement; small area estimate; machine learning;
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